Sterilization-induced changes in polypropylene waste plastics: implications for sustainable healthcare recycling

Abstract

The impact of various sterilization methods on the characteristics of biomedical plastics waste utilized in healthcare settings and intended for recycling has been investigated in the current study. With the growing need for sustainable waste management, this study evaluates the effects of diverse sterilization techniques, such as autoclave, microwave, ultraviolet radiation, and chemical treatment, on the mechanical, thermal, crystallization kinetics, and chemical properties of biomedical plastics waste such as syringes, face masks, and gowns-based materials utilized in healthcare facilities. The findings revealed that absence of the pathogens in the aforesaid biomedical plastics waste upon sterilization. FTIR analysis revealed polypropylene (PP) in the syringe body and plunger while melt and spun-bonded PP in face masks and gowns, respectively, with no significant changes in chemical composition after treatment. Crystallization and melting temperatures exhibited only minor variations, indicating a limited impact on the thermal stability of the retrieved PP. The identified changes did not substantially impact polymer processing, indicating that the treated materials were appropriate for recycling. This research provides valuable insights into selecting optimal sterilization methods that preserve the recyclability in biomedical plastics waste, thus contributing to both effective waste management and the sustainable utilization of the same.

Graphical Abstract