Dual-Functionalized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles-Polyphenol-Chitosan Coatings for Synergistic Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Preservation of Sapota

IF 3.2 4区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Biophysics Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI:10.1007/s11483-025-09996-1

Sukhmani Gandhi, Moushumi Ghosh

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study presents a novel edible bio-nanocomposite coating developed to enhance the postharvest preservation of Manilkara zapota fruits through the integration of natural antioxidants and green nanotechnology. A chitosan-based matrix was functionalized with polyphenol-rich onion peel extract at 30% v/v and reinforced with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) at 0.1% w/v (optimized) -both derived through sustainable approaches. Onion peel, an agricultural by-product, was effectively valorized as a potent source of polyphenols contributing antioxidant and antimicrobial efficacy. The optimized formulation exhibited nanoscale properties favourable for coating performance. It showed a particle size of 142.4 ± 4.01 nm, polydispersity index of 0.107 ± 0.021, surface contact angle of 84.3°, and positive zeta potential of 18.27 ± 0.15 mV, indicating excellent colloidal stability and surface activity. The coating displayed strong antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and inhibited biofilm formation by 86% percent and 95% respectively. When applied to sapota fruits stored at 20 ± 2 °C, 35–40% relative humidity for ten days, the coating significantly preserved physicochemical quality. Treated fruits retained titratable acidity at 0.38 ± 0.01% and levels of ascorbic acid (17.8 ± 0.1 mg/100 g), total antioxidant capacity (76.4 ± 0.95% DPPH inhibition), total phenolics (58.6 ± 1.64 mg GAE/100 g), and flavonoid content (156 ± 9 µg QE/100 mg) were significantly elevated compared to uncoated controls. Physiological weight loss was reduced to 13.43 ± 0.98% and fruit firmness was maintained at 6.02 ± 0.12 N. Microbial loads were lowered by 2.53 and 1.13 log units for bacteria and fungi, respectively. This work establishes a multifunctional and eco-efficient platform for active fruit preservation using natural waste-derived compounds and biocompatible nanomaterials.

AbstractSection Graphical Abstract

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双功能化氧化锌纳米粒子-多酚-壳聚糖协同抗氧化和抗菌防腐涂料

本研究提出了一种新型的可食用生物纳米复合涂层，通过天然抗氧化剂和绿色纳米技术的结合，增强了Manilkara zapota水果的采后保鲜。以壳聚糖为基础的基质以30% v/v的富多酚洋葱皮提取物进行功能化，并以0.1% w/v的氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnONPs）进行增强（优化）-两者都是通过可持续的方法获得的。洋葱皮是一种农业副产品，被有效地评价为具有抗氧化和抗菌功效的多酚的有效来源。优化后的配方具有纳米级性能，有利于涂层性能的提高。其粒径为142.4±4.01 nm，多分散性指数为0.107±0.021，表面接触角为84.3°，zeta电位为18.27±0.15 mV，具有良好的胶体稳定性和表面活性。该涂层对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有较强的抗菌性能，对生物膜的形成抑制作用分别为86%和95%。在20±2°C、35-40%相对湿度条件下贮藏10 d的皂果中，涂膜对其理化品质有明显的保护作用。处理后的果实可滴定酸度保持在0.38±0.01%，抗坏血酸（17.8±0.1 mg/100 g）、总抗氧化能力（76.4±0.95% DPPH抑制）、总酚类物质（58.6±1.64 mg GAE/100 g）和类黄酮含量（156±9µg QE/100 mg）显著高于未包衣对照。生理失重降低至13.43±0.98%，果实硬度维持在6.02±0.12 n，细菌和真菌的微生物负荷分别降低2.53和1.13个对数单位。本研究建立了一个利用天然废物衍生化合物和生物相容性纳米材料进行活性水果保鲜的多功能生态高效平台。摘要节图形摘要

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来源期刊

Food Biophysics 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

3.30%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Biophysical studies of foods and agricultural products involve research at the interface of chemistry, biology, and engineering, as well as the new interdisciplinary areas of materials science and nanotechnology. Such studies include but are certainly not limited to research in the following areas: the structure of food molecules, biopolymers, and biomaterials on the molecular, microscopic, and mesoscopic scales; the molecular basis of structure generation and maintenance in specific foods, feeds, food processing operations, and agricultural products; the mechanisms of microbial growth, death and antimicrobial action; structure/function relationships in food and agricultural biopolymers; novel biophysical techniques (spectroscopic, microscopic, thermal, rheological, etc.) for structural and dynamical characterization of food and agricultural materials and products; the properties of amorphous biomaterials and their influence on chemical reaction rate, microbial growth, or sensory properties; and molecular mechanisms of taste and smell. A hallmark of such research is a dependence on various methods of instrumental analysis that provide information on the molecular level, on various physical and chemical theories used to understand the interrelations among biological molecules, and an attempt to relate macroscopic chemical and physical properties and biological functions to the molecular structure and microscopic organization of the biological material.