Comparative study and shape factor analysis of the EMHD flow on tangent hyperbolic tetrahybrid \(\hbox {Al}_2\hbox {O}_3\), Ag, \(\hbox {TiO}_2\) and ZnO nanoparticles over the horizontal and exponentially non-Darcy porous stretching/shrinking cylinder

Abstract

The applications of the present findings are extensive and transformative and these findings help in improving heat transfer in thermal industrial systems, facilitating efficient operation of solar collectors, electronic cooling devices, as well as targeting and destroying cancer cells in hyperthermia treatment in the medical field. This study analyses the tangent hyperbolic nanofluid with tetrahybrid nanoparticle that is the combination of \(\hbox {Al}_2\) \(\hbox {O}_3\), Ag, \(\hbox {TiO}_2\) and ZnO over horizontal and exponentially stretching/shrinking cylinder filled with non-Darcy porous medium. Electromagnetohydrodynamics (EMHD), Arrhenius activation energy, thermal radiation, heat source and chemical reaction were considered. The fundamental equations of non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) were derived from the partial differential equations (PDEs) with similarity variables and fifth-order Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method with shooting technique was performed. From the model, we obtained increase in temperature profile for magnetic parameter and radiation parameter and increase in concentration profile for activation energy parameter. Shape factor analysis on Nusselt number and Sherwood number was done and compared. Heat and mass transfer rate was investigated by changing the shapes of the nanoparticle on exponential and horizontal cylinder to get good results.