Emergency preparedness: optimal pharmacy purchasing strategies

IF 4.5 3区 管理学 Q1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
Renbang Shan, Li Luo, Jie Xiang
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Abstract

This study examines the purchasing decision-making of retail pharmacies when the potential for emergencies arises within a single cycle. Beyond accounting for conventional demand, retail pharmacies also need to plan for emergency demand. This paper employs the classic newsvendor model as a benchmark (PN) and explores three pre-purchasing strategies: a combination of conventional procurement and option procurement (POM), one-time procurement taking possible emergencies into account (PNO), a combination of conventional procurement and emergency procurement (PNE). Through an analysis of these procurement strategies, we find that, while POM usually performs better as a strategy, its position is affected by emergency shortage cost, exercise price, inventory cost, and the timing of emergency situations. Especially, exercise price changes does not always benefit retail pharmacies. Furthermore, neither PNO nor PNE provide any absolute advantages. PNO performs excellently when faced with higher emergency wholesale prices or lower emergency shortage costs. On the contrary, under certain conditions, PNE becomes a favorable choice for retail pharmacies. Specifically, when the emergency demand of retail pharmacies increases significantly, PNE is most suitable for retail pharmacies, while PNO is more advantageous when emergency situations occur near the end of the cycle.

Abstract Image

应急准备:最佳药品采购策略
本研究检视零售药房在单一周期内发生突发事件时的购买决策。除了考虑常规需求外,零售药店还需要为紧急需求做好计划。本文以经典报贩模型为基准,探讨了三种预采购策略:常规采购与期权采购相结合(POM)、考虑突发事件的一次性采购(PNO)、常规采购与应急采购相结合(PNE)。通过对这些采购策略的分析,我们发现,虽然POM作为一种策略通常表现较好,但其地位受到紧急短缺成本、行使价格、库存成本和紧急情况时机的影响。特别是,期权价格的变化并不总是有利于零售药店。此外,PNO和PNE都没有提供任何绝对的优势。当面临较高的紧急批发价格或较低的紧急短缺成本时,PNO表现出色。相反,在一定条件下,PNE成为零售药店的有利选择。具体而言,当零售药店的应急需求显著增加时,PNE最适合零售药店,而PNO在应急情况接近周期结束时更有利。
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来源期刊
Annals of Operations Research
Annals of Operations Research 管理科学-运筹学与管理科学
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
16.70%
发文量
596
审稿时长
8.4 months
期刊介绍: The Annals of Operations Research publishes peer-reviewed original articles dealing with key aspects of operations research, including theory, practice, and computation. The journal publishes full-length research articles, short notes, expositions and surveys, reports on computational studies, and case studies that present new and innovative practical applications. In addition to regular issues, the journal publishes periodic special volumes that focus on defined fields of operations research, ranging from the highly theoretical to the algorithmic and the applied. These volumes have one or more Guest Editors who are responsible for collecting the papers and overseeing the refereeing process.
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