Secure data storage in multi-cloud environments using lattice-based saber with Diffie-Hellman cryptography and authenticate based on PUF-ECC

Abstract

Human life has become highly dependent on data in recent decades almost every facet of daily activities, leading to its storage in multi-cloud environments. To ensure data integrity, confidentiality, and privacy, it is essential to protect data from unauthorized access. This paper proposes a novel approach for securing data in multi-cloud environments for user authentication and data storage using Lattice-Based Saber Cryptography combined with PUF-ECC and the Enhanced Goose Optimization Algorithm (EGOA). The initial user authentication is achieved through the PUF-ECC digital signature algorithm, which verifies both the user's and the device's identity. Once authenticated, user data is securely transmitted to the cloud server based on Lattice-Based Saber post-quantum cryptography combined with the Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol. The encrypted data is then stored across multiple cloud storage through a cloud controller using RAM-based chunking. For efficient data retrieval, the Enhanced Goose Optimization Algorithm (EGOA) is employed to extract encrypted data from clouds. Finally, the data is decrypted using the Lattice-Based Saber decryption algorithm and securely retrieved by the authenticated user. This method enhances both the security and efficiency of cloud data management and retrieval. The experiment is carried out with the proposed methodologies and also compared with the existing technologies. The proposed approach achieves encryption times of 9.68 ms, key generation times of 4.84 ms, and block creation times of 1.59 ms, while maintaining a 93.7 % confidentiality rate, a 98 % packet delivery ratio, a transmission delay of 0.026 ms, throughput of 407.33 MB/s, jitter of 3.26 ms, and an RTT of 0.17 ms, demonstrating its effectiveness in secure data storage and retrieval in multi-cloud environments.