Study on the photoacoustic method for accurate, online, in-situ, non-contact measurement of corrosion-related unidentified deposit thickness

IF 2.1 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Design Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2025.114492

Guangchao Yang , Xiaojing Liu , Decao Wu , Jinbiao Xiong , Tengfei Zhang , Xiang Chai , Hui He

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Abstract

The thickness of Corrosion-Related Unidentified Deposits (CRUD) on the surface of Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) fuel cladding is one of the key factors affecting fuel performance. Accurate measurement of CRUD thickness is crucial for ensuring the safe operation of nuclear reactors. This paper presents an online, in-situ, non-contact CRUD thickness measurement method based on the photoacoustic effect, overcoming the issues of surface morphology changes and re-dissolution associated with traditional offline measurement methods. To validate the feasibility and accuracy of this method, an experimental system was established, and the signal transmission mechanisms involved in the thermal-fluid–solid multi-physics fields of the measurement method were explored using a simplified 1D mathematical model and 3D simulations. The results show that the method enables low-cost, high-precision measurements, requiring only a 532 nm wavelength, 700 Hz modulation frequency, and 3 W full power Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) pulsed laser as the signal excitation source, along with a piezoelectric transducer as the signal receiver. The simplified 1D mathematical model and 3D simulation results align well with experimental data, with a maximum error of ±10 %. The results show that under the same laser operating conditions, the CRUD thickness is approximately proportional to the output signal intensity with a good linear relationship. This measurement method and its mathematical model provide significant technical and theoretical support for studying the dynamic growth behavior of CRUD.

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利用光声方法对与腐蚀有关的未识别沉积物厚度进行精确、在线、原位、非接触测量的研究

压水堆（PWR）燃料包壳表面未识别腐蚀沉积物（CRUD）的厚度是影响燃料性能的关键因素之一。CRUD厚度的准确测量对于保证核反应堆的安全运行至关重要。本文提出了一种基于光声效应的在线、原位、非接触式CRUD厚度测量方法，克服了传统离线测量方法存在的表面形貌变化和再溶解问题。为了验证该方法的可行性和准确性，建立了实验系统，通过简化一维数学模型和三维仿真，探讨了该测量方法涉及热-流-固多物理场的信号传输机制。结果表明，该方法实现了低成本、高精度的测量，仅需要532 nm波长、700 Hz调制频率和3w全功率脉宽调制（PWM）脉冲激光作为信号激励源，以及压电换能器作为信号接收器。简化的一维数学模型和三维仿真结果与实验数据吻合良好，最大误差为±10%。结果表明，在相同的激光工作条件下，CRUD厚度与输出信号强度近似成正比，并具有良好的线性关系。该测量方法及其数学模型为研究CRUD的动态生长行为提供了重要的技术和理论支持。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nuclear Engineering and Design 工程技术-核科学技术

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

11.80%

发文量

377

审稿时长

5 months

期刊介绍： Nuclear Engineering and Design covers the wide range of disciplines involved in the engineering, design, safety and construction of nuclear fission reactors. The Editors welcome papers both on applied and innovative aspects and developments in nuclear science and technology. Fundamentals of Reactor Design include: • Thermal-Hydraulics and Core Physics • Safety Analysis, Risk Assessment (PSA) • Structural and Mechanical Engineering • Materials Science • Fuel Behavior and Design • Structural Plant Design • Engineering of Reactor Components • Experiments Aspects beyond fundamentals of Reactor Design covered: • Accident Mitigation Measures • Reactor Control Systems • Licensing Issues • Safeguard Engineering • Economy of Plants • Reprocessing / Waste Disposal • Applications of Nuclear Energy • Maintenance • Decommissioning Papers on new reactor ideas and developments (Generation IV reactors) such as inherently safe modular HTRs, High Performance LWRs/HWRs and LMFBs/GFR will be considered; Actinide Burners, Accelerator Driven Systems, Energy Amplifiers and other special designs of power and research reactors and their applications are also encouraged.