Cell-specific functions of STAT3 in osteoarthritis and its therapeutic potential

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) represents a prevalent chronic joint disorder, which is pathologically characterized by cartilage degeneration. At present, effective therapeutic interventions for OA remains relatively infrequent, highlighting the urgent need for a deeper exploration of the underlying mechanisms of the disease and the development of novel, more effective treatments. A growing body of research has increasingly highlighted the pivotal role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), a critical downstream effector protein activated by a diverse array of cytokines, in mediating various physiological and pathological processes. STAT3 has been implicated in the pathophysiological progression of OA, influencing key aspects of disease development. This review concentrated on the notable role and molecular mechanisms of STAT3 signalling in the degeneration of cartilage and dysfunction of the subchondral bone, while synthesizing the most recent evidence regarding the therapeutic potential of targeting the STAT3 pathway for OA management. By concentrating on the inhibition of STAT3 signalling pathway, this review aimed to contribute to the translation of these findings into innovative, clinically relevant treatment strategies for OA.