Progress in Intestinal Homeostasis and Mechanisms of Pancreatic Cancer.

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is a highly invasive and heterogeneous malignancy, with its incidence witnessed a global escalation in recent years. This tumor type is typically asymptomatic in its early stages, and the anatomical location of the pancreas renders it obscured, frequently leading to late detection. Its highly invasive growth pattern can readily invade surrounding tissues and organs, and pancreatic cancer exhibits poor sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Surgical resection remains the primary treatment modality, but due to delayed diagnosis, most patients lose the opportunity for curative resection. Pancreatic cancer is one of the most challenging malignancies, with a grave prognosis, and its incidence and mortality rates continue to rise annually. In recent years, the interplay between intestinal homeostasis and pancreatic cancer development has emerged as a burgeoning area of research. Intestinal homeostasis is a dynamic equilibrium state formed by the intricate interplay between the intestinal barrier and the intestinal environment (including intestinal microbiota). Further elucidating intestinal homeostasis and its association with pancreatic cancer pathogenesis will aid in exploring novel therapeutic strategies to combat this devastating disease.