Increasing Temporal Trends in the Frequency of Methamphetamine-Associated Intracerebral Hemorrhage in the Philippines.

IF 2.1 Q3 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI:10.1159/000548522

Bonifacio C Pedregosa Ii, Steven G Villaraza, Cyrus G Escabillas, Gabriel Alejandro B Baroque, Zenyros Faith A Sabellano, Kelsey C Dayrit, Anne Marie Joyce Tenorio-Javier, Herminigildo H Gan, Romulo U Esagunde, Jose C Navarro

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Methamphetamine is an established risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Despite growing concerns over its abuse, particularly in the Philippines, region-specific data on its neurological consequences remain lacking. This study aimed to investigate the temporal trends in the frequency of methamphetamine-associated ICH (Meth-ICH) in the Philippines.

Methods: Consecutive patients presenting with ICH at the Philippine National Specialty Center for Brain and Spine Care between 2018 and 2024 were retrospectively included. Meth-ICH cases were identified through positive urine toxicology tests at the time of admission. Frequency counts of total ICH and Meth-ICH cases were used to calculate the proportion of Meth-ICH cases for each year. Temporal trends were assessed using the two-sided Cochrane-Armitage test for trend, and by analyzing absolute and relative changes in proportions.

Results: Of the 1,652 ICH patients included, 116 (7.02%) tested positive for methamphetamine. The proportion of Meth-ICH cases increased 11.82-fold over the seven-year study period, rising from 1.49% (4/268, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15% to 1.83%) in 2018 to 17.58% (74/421, 95% CI: 14.04% to 21.12%) in 2024. Between 2018 and 2021, no significant changes were observed in the number and proportion of Meth-ICH cases. A non-significant upward trend was noted between 2021 and 2022, with a relative change in proportion of 67.30% (95% CI: -86.57% to 231.17%; p = .635). A significant increase in the proportion of Meth-ICH cases was seen between 2022 and 2024, with relative changes in proportion of 310.70% (95% CI: 213.70% to 407.70%; p = .003) from 2022 to 2023, and 100.80% (95% CI: 5.89% to 207.69%; p = .001) from 2023 to 2024.

Conclusion: There was an increasing trend in the frequency of Meth-ICH cases in the Philippines from 2018 to 2024, with a significant and sustained surge beginning in 2022. Comprehensive evidence-based public health strategies are urgently needed, particularly in regions with high rates of methamphetamine use.

查看原文本刊更多论文

菲律宾甲基苯丙胺相关脑出血频率增加的时间趋势。

简介：甲基苯丙胺是脑出血（ICH）的一个确定的危险因素。尽管对其滥用的关切日益增加，特别是在菲律宾，但关于其神经后果的特定区域数据仍然缺乏。本研究旨在调查菲律宾与甲基苯丙胺相关的非ICH （Meth-ICH）频率的时间趋势。方法：回顾性纳入2018年至2024年期间在菲律宾国家脑和脊柱护理专业中心连续出现脑出血的患者。甲基苯丙胺病例是通过入院时尿液毒理学测试阳性来确定的。采用脑出血总病例数和甲基脑出血病例数的频率计数计算每年甲基脑出血病例的比例。采用双侧Cochrane-Armitage趋势检验，并通过分析绝对和相对比例变化来评估时间趋势。结果：在纳入的1,652例ICH患者中，116例（7.02%）甲基苯丙胺检测阳性。在7年的研究期间，Meth-ICH病例的比例增加了11.82倍，从2018年的1.49%（4/268,95%可信区间[CI]: 1.15%至1.83%）上升到2024年的17.58% （74/421,95% CI: 14.04%至21.12%）。在2018年至2021年期间，Meth-ICH病例的数量和比例没有明显变化。在2021年至2022年期间，有一个不显著的上升趋势，相对比例变化为67.30% （95% CI: -86.57%至231.17%;p = .635）。从2022年到2024年，甲基苯丙胺病例的比例显著增加，从2022年到2023年，比例相对变化为310.70% (95% CI: 213.70%至407.70%,p = 0.003)，从2023年到2024年，比例相对变化为100.80% （95% CI: 5.89%至207.69%,p = 0.001）。结论：2018 - 2024年菲律宾甲基苯丙胺类毒品病例发生频率呈上升趋势，并从2022年开始出现显著且持续的激增。迫切需要全面的循证公共卫生战略，特别是在甲基苯丙胺使用率高的区域。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE-

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

8 weeks

期刊介绍： This open access and online-only journal publishes original articles covering the entire spectrum of stroke and cerebrovascular research, drawing from a variety of specialties such as neurology, internal medicine, surgery, radiology, epidemiology, cardiology, hematology, psychology and rehabilitation. Offering an international forum, it meets the growing need for sophisticated, up-to-date scientific information on clinical data, diagnostic testing, and therapeutic issues. The journal publishes original contributions, reviews of selected topics as well as clinical investigative studies. All aspects related to clinical advances are considered, while purely experimental work appears only if directly relevant to clinical issues. Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra provides additional contents based on reviewed and accepted submissions to the main journal Cerebrovascular Diseases.