Occupational hazards and the development of lung cancer: an analysis of exposures and their implications for worker health.

Abstract

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is associated with occupational exposure to carcinogenic agents such as asbestos, silica, welding fumes, hydrocarbons, and heavy metals. This study analyzed the occupational risks related to lung cancer and their implications for workers' health. It is an integrative literature review, with searches conducted in SciELO, LILACS, and PubMed databases as well as institutional publications. A total of 13 studies were selected, including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and observational studies, providing a comprehensive view of the impact of prolonged exposure to carcinogenic substances in sectors such as construction, mining, and the chemical industry. The results show an association between occupational exposure and an increased incidence of lung cancer among workers. Weaknesses in inspection and in the implementation of preventive measures exacerbate this scenario. Studies highlight the need for stricter public policies, stronger regulations, and the expansion of early screening programs for exposed workers. Replacing harmful substances, combined with effective preventive measures, can significantly reduce cases of occupational lung cancer.