Victimization and Perpetration of Sexual Violence in College Men: The Characteristics of Social Ecology, Shared Risk Factors and Their Implications for Prevention.

IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Jasmine A Skorheim, RaeAnn E Anderson
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Abstract

Previous research has demonstrated a relationship between victimization and perpetration of sexual violence. Social norms approaches have been developed to prevent sexual violence, which focus on changing perceived peer support for sexual violence and related behaviors; however, their efficacy is limited. Interpersonal difficulties are a well-established consequence of sexual victimization much like impulsivity is a well-established risk factor for sexual perpetration, however, these risk factors are often considered in relation to one form of violence rather than both. The goals of this study were to 1) describe and assess the relationship between knowledge of peers' sexual violence experiences and 2) examine the afore-mentioned risk factors while considering victim-offender overlaps to inform prevention and restorative justice efforts. College men (n = 485) completed an anonymous online survey. 46.4% reported sexual violence exposure, specifically 10.5% victimization only, 6% perpetration only, and 29.9% both exposures. Many participants reported knowing a victim (43.9%) or perpetrator (32.4%), mostly consisting of friends and acquaintances. Violence-exposed groups demonstrated significantly more knowledge of victimization (Victimization Only 52.9%, Perpetration Only 62.1%, Both 61.4% > Control 30.4%) and perpetration (Perpetration only 55.2%, Both 49% > Control 20.8%) amongst their peers than nonviolence-exposed controls. Those with victimization only reported greater interpersonal difficulties than nonviolence-exposed controls (d = 0.613). When accounting for childhood sexual abuse (CSA), those with all three experiences had greater interpersonal difficulties (d = 0.766). Those with perpetration experiences demonstrated greater levels of impulsivity than nonviolence-exposed controls (d = 0.440). When accounting for CSA, those with both exposures (excluding CSA) had greater impulsivity (d = 0.488).

大学男性性暴力受害与实施:社会生态特征、共有风险因素及其预防意义
先前的研究已经证明了受害与性暴力行为之间的关系。为防止性暴力制定了社会规范方法,其重点是改变对性暴力和相关行为的同伴支持;然而,它们的功效是有限的。人际关系困难是性侵害的一个公认的后果,就像冲动是性犯罪的一个公认的风险因素一样,然而,这些风险因素通常被认为与一种形式的暴力有关,而不是两者都有。本研究的目的是1)描述和评估同伴性暴力经历知识之间的关系;2)在考虑受害者-罪犯重叠的情况下,检查上述风险因素,为预防和恢复性司法工作提供信息。大学男性(n = 485)完成了一项匿名在线调查。46.4%的人报告遭受过性暴力,特别是10.5%的人只遭受过性暴力,6%的人只遭受过性暴力,29.9%的人两者都遭受过性暴力。许多参与者表示认识受害者(43.9%)或施暴者(32.4%),主要由朋友和熟人组成。暴力暴露组在同伴中对受害(受害仅52.9%,施暴者仅62.1%,双方均为61.4%,对照组为30.4%)和施暴者(施暴者仅55.2%,双方均为49%,对照组为20.8%)的认识明显高于非暴力暴露组。那些只遭受过暴力侵害的人比非暴力暴露的对照组报告了更大的人际关系困难(d = 0.613)。当考虑到儿童期性虐待(CSA)时,所有三种经历的人都有更大的人际关系困难(d = 0.766)。那些有暴力经历的人比没有暴力经历的人表现出更高的冲动水平(d = 0.440)。当考虑到CSA时,两种暴露(不包括CSA)的人具有更大的冲动性(d = 0.488)。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
5.60%
发文量
89
期刊介绍: In this important publication, you"ll find crucial information on vital issues surrounding aggression, maltreatment, and trauma. You"ll learn how to prevent these behaviors, how to help victims, and how to intervene in abusive situations using the latest research in these areas. The Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma accepts individual submissions in any of the relevant topic areas and also publishes thematic issues featuring guest editors who focus on a particular aspect of these topics.
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