{"title":"Manganese oxides for electrochemical adsorption of metal ions in aqueous environments: A comprehensive review from fundamentals to applications","authors":"Xiong Yang, Jiahai Yu, Yafei Shi, Kewu Pi, Chengshuai Liu, Guohong Qiu","doi":"10.1080/10643389.2025.2557360","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The removal and recovery of metal ions from wastewater are crucial for environmental sustainability and resource management. Electrochemical adsorption emerges as a promising technology due to its simplicity, controllability, and eco-friendliness. Manganese oxides (Mn oxides), naturally abundant and electrochemically active, exhibit substantial adsorption capacities and selectivity for various metal ions in aqueous solutions, making them excellent candidates for this technology. This comprehensive review synthesizes the latest developments in Mn oxides-based electrochemical adsorption from fundamentals to applications. This review finds that the superior performance of Mn oxides stems from a synergy of multiple mechanisms. Beyond conventional electric double-layer adsorption, pseudocapacitive ion storage and surface redox reactions play a dominant role, offering a significant advantage in terms of both capacity and selectivity. The analysis reveals that this performance is intricately dependent on a delicate interplay between the material’s intrinsic properties (such as crystal structure, morphology, and average oxidation state), solution chemistry (including pH and the presence of co-existing ions), and operational parameters. Furthermore, this review provides a detailed overview of the diverse applications of Mn oxides electrodes, spanning not only wastewater treatment for heavy metals and radioactive ions but also crucial resource recovery endeavors such as seawater desalination, water softening, and lithium extraction. By offering a critical framework for understanding these complex mechanisms and identifying key influencing factors, this work provides a roadmap for the rational design of next-generation Mn oxides adsorbents and the future development of electrochemical metal ion recovery technologies.","PeriodicalId":10823,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2025.2557360","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The removal and recovery of metal ions from wastewater are crucial for environmental sustainability and resource management. Electrochemical adsorption emerges as a promising technology due to its simplicity, controllability, and eco-friendliness. Manganese oxides (Mn oxides), naturally abundant and electrochemically active, exhibit substantial adsorption capacities and selectivity for various metal ions in aqueous solutions, making them excellent candidates for this technology. This comprehensive review synthesizes the latest developments in Mn oxides-based electrochemical adsorption from fundamentals to applications. This review finds that the superior performance of Mn oxides stems from a synergy of multiple mechanisms. Beyond conventional electric double-layer adsorption, pseudocapacitive ion storage and surface redox reactions play a dominant role, offering a significant advantage in terms of both capacity and selectivity. The analysis reveals that this performance is intricately dependent on a delicate interplay between the material’s intrinsic properties (such as crystal structure, morphology, and average oxidation state), solution chemistry (including pH and the presence of co-existing ions), and operational parameters. Furthermore, this review provides a detailed overview of the diverse applications of Mn oxides electrodes, spanning not only wastewater treatment for heavy metals and radioactive ions but also crucial resource recovery endeavors such as seawater desalination, water softening, and lithium extraction. By offering a critical framework for understanding these complex mechanisms and identifying key influencing factors, this work provides a roadmap for the rational design of next-generation Mn oxides adsorbents and the future development of electrochemical metal ion recovery technologies.
期刊介绍:
Two of the most pressing global challenges of our era involve understanding and addressing the multitude of environmental problems we face. In order to tackle them effectively, it is essential to devise logical strategies and methods for their control. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology serves as a valuable international platform for the comprehensive assessment of current knowledge across a wide range of environmental science topics.
Environmental science is a field that encompasses the intricate and fluid interactions between various scientific disciplines. These include earth and agricultural sciences, chemistry, biology, medicine, and engineering. Furthermore, new disciplines such as environmental toxicology and risk assessment have emerged in response to the increasing complexity of environmental challenges.
The purpose of Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology is to provide a space for critical analysis and evaluation of existing knowledge in environmental science. By doing so, it encourages the advancement of our understanding and the development of effective solutions. This journal plays a crucial role in fostering international cooperation and collaboration in addressing the pressing environmental issues of our time.