Managing Genital Herpes: A Mini-review for Urologists from the European Association of Urology Guidelines Panel for Urological Infections.

Abstract

Genital herpes (GH) is a prevalent, lifelong, sexually transmitted infection caused by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. Although traditionally managed by dermatologists and infectious disease specialists, GH is increasingly relevant to urologists owing to its clinical complexity and psychosocial impact. This mini-review by the European Association of Urology Guidelines Panel for Urological Infections summarizes updated evidence on GH epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies. Diagnosis remains challenging because of atypical presentations; polymerase chain reaction is the preferred diagnostic test. Management mainly relies on nucleoside analogs, with new therapies under investigation. Suppressive treatment reduces recurrences and transmission. Routine screening of asymptomatic individuals is not recommended. Effective counseling and partner notification are critical components of care. PATIENT SUMMARY: Patients with genital herpes should receive clear information on the nature of the infection, the diagnostic process, and treatment options and preventive strategies. Urologists must play a key role in managing symptoms, reducing the risk of transmission, and supporting patients through education and counseling.