{"title":"High-Altitude Pulmonary Embolism: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management.","authors":"Zhen-Zhong Yang, Jing Li, Zhen-Long Chang, Xiao-Xia Liu, Jun-Peng Ran, Lin-Feng Liu","doi":"10.1155/carj/5519627","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary embolism (PE) at high altitude (HA) is a potentially life-threatening but underrecognized condition. Unlike low-altitude PE, high-altitude pulmonary embolism (HA-PE) may result from unique hypoxia-driven mechanisms, including hemoconcentration, endothelial dysfunction, and a hypercoagulable state. In this narrative review, we summarize current evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of HA-PE, based on the literature published between 2010 and 2025 retrieved from PubMed and CNKI. This review summarizes the epidemiological profile, clinical features, altitude-related diagnostic challenges, limitations of current therapeutic strategies, and the prognosis of HA-PE. A more comprehensive understanding of HA-PE is crucial for enhancing early detection and developing altitude-adapted management approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":9416,"journal":{"name":"Canadian respiratory journal","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5519627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12453912/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Canadian respiratory journal","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/carj/5519627","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"RESPIRATORY SYSTEM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Pulmonary embolism (PE) at high altitude (HA) is a potentially life-threatening but underrecognized condition. Unlike low-altitude PE, high-altitude pulmonary embolism (HA-PE) may result from unique hypoxia-driven mechanisms, including hemoconcentration, endothelial dysfunction, and a hypercoagulable state. In this narrative review, we summarize current evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of HA-PE, based on the literature published between 2010 and 2025 retrieved from PubMed and CNKI. This review summarizes the epidemiological profile, clinical features, altitude-related diagnostic challenges, limitations of current therapeutic strategies, and the prognosis of HA-PE. A more comprehensive understanding of HA-PE is crucial for enhancing early detection and developing altitude-adapted management approaches.
期刊介绍：
Canadian Respiratory Journal is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that aims to provide a multidisciplinary forum for research in all areas of respiratory medicine. The journal publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies related to asthma, allergy, COPD, non-invasive ventilation, therapeutic intervention, lung cancer, airway and lung infections, as well as any other respiratory diseases.
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