Does anterior cruciate ligament deficiency affect patellar orientation? A cross-sectional observational study

IF 1.4 Q3 REHABILITATION

JOURNAL OF BODYWORK AND MOVEMENT THERAPIES Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI:10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.09.024

Gopisankar Balaji , M. Prabhu , Mohanakrishnan Jagadevan , Thangamani Ramalingam

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Abstract

Background and purpose

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury causes significant changes in the arthro-kinematics of the knee joint, affecting the patella-femoral joint (PFJ) and PFJ pain. This study aimed to observe changes in the orientation of the patella relative to the trochlear groove of the femur and to assess the incidence of PFJ pain following ACL injury.

Methods

This Cross-sectional observational study included 58 individuals aged 18 to 50 with ACL deficiency who had been injured for more than three months. Clinical and radiological parameters of the patella-femoral joint (PFJ) were recorded, with the uninjured limb as the control. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS software.

Results

PFJ pain was present in 25 (43 %) participants. The radiographic measurements (CD index, congruence angle, and patellar tilt) on the ACL deficient side showed no significant difference compared to their asymptomatic side. The mean difference in the CD index of the unloaded and loaded knee was 0.02 and 0.03, respectively. The congruence angle measurement in the ACL deficient knee was −2.27 ± 10.34, while the normal side was −4.44 ± 7.66. The lateral patellar angle measurement in the ACL deficient knee was 14.62 ± 4.77, while the normal side was 14.87 ± 5.06°.

Conclusion

Based on radiographic measurements, this study observed that ACL deficiency does not alter the patellar orientation but can result in PFJ pain.

Level of evidence

Level IV.

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前交叉韧带缺损会影响髌骨定位吗？横断面观察研究

背景与目的前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤引起膝关节关节运动学的显著改变，影响髌骨-股骨关节（PFJ）和PFJ疼痛。本研究旨在观察髌骨相对于股骨滑车沟方向的变化，并评估前交叉韧带损伤后PFJ疼痛的发生率。方法横断面观察性研究包括58例18 - 50岁的前交叉韧带缺乏症患者，他们受伤超过3个月。记录髌骨-股骨关节（PFJ）的临床和影像学参数，以未损伤肢体为对照。数据收集和分析采用SPSS软件。结果25例（43%）患者出现spfj疼痛。ACL缺陷侧的x线测量（CD指数、一致性角和髌骨倾斜）与无症状侧相比无显著差异。未负重和负重膝关节CD指数的平均差值分别为0.02和0.03。ACL缺陷膝关节的同角测量值为- 2.27±10.34，正常侧为- 4.44±7.66。前交叉韧带缺损膝外侧髌骨角为14.62±4.77°，正常侧为14.87±5.06°。基于x线测量，本研究观察到前交叉韧带缺陷不会改变髌骨取向，但会导致PFJ疼痛。证据等级：四级。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

JOURNAL OF BODYWORK AND MOVEMENT THERAPIES REHABILITATION-

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

133

审稿时长

321 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies brings you the latest therapeutic techniques and current professional debate. Publishing highly illustrated articles on a wide range of subjects this journal is immediately relevant to everyday clinical practice in private, community and primary health care settings. Techiques featured include: • Physical Therapy • Osteopathy • Chiropractic • Massage Therapy • Structural Integration • Feldenkrais • Yoga Therapy • Dance • Physiotherapy • Pilates • Alexander Technique • Shiatsu and Tuina