Phylogeny and evolution of male genitalia in Withiidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones).

IF 1.9 2区 生物学 Q3 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
Catalina Romero-Ortiz, Mark S Harvey, Ligia R Benavides, Sebastian Cuadrado-Rios, Carlos E Sarmiento
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The evolution of animal genitalia has been an intriguing topic of research since Darwin proposed that sexual selection is acting upon these traits. Pseudoscorpions (Arachnida) are an interesting model to test this hypothesis since they exhibit a wide array of sexual traits and sexual strategies, including the development of elaborate spermatophores. In this context, we (1) explored the phylogenetic relationships within Withiidae using somatic, sexual characters, and molecular data; (2) estimated times of diversification of the lineages within the family; and (3) explored rates of change of male genitalia characters. We found strong support for the monophyly of Withidae and for both the Neotropical and the non-Neotropical clades; as for the sister group of Withiidae, there is no conclusive evidence since molecular data suggest Atemnidae, supporting previous molecular studies, but the combined morphological and molecular data pointed to Cheliferidae instead, with high support in both cases. The dating analysis suggests that Withiidae originated in the Cretaceous and its main diversification occurred during the Eocene. We also found that sensory traits such as the position of the trichobothria isb and ist , and not genital traits such as length of the ejaculatory canal, change faster, challenging the prediction of higher change rates in the former. In conclusion, for pseudoscorpions, factors other than sexual selection may contribute to stronger selective pressures over their morphology.

蜘蛛科(蛛形纲:假蝎子)雄性生殖器的系统发育与进化。
自从达尔文提出性选择作用于这些特征以来,动物生殖器的进化一直是一个有趣的研究课题。伪蝎子(蛛形纲)是检验这一假说的一个有趣的模型,因为它们表现出一系列广泛的性特征和性策略,包括精细精囊的发育。在此背景下,我们(1)利用体细胞、性别特征和分子数据探索了Withiidae的系统发育关系;(二)家族内世系多样化的估计次数;(3)探讨男性生殖器特征的变化率。结果表明,新热带支系和非新热带支系均具有较强的单系性;而对于Withiidae的姊妹类群,由于分子数据显示为Atemnidae,支持了之前的分子研究,因此尚无确凿的证据,但形态学和分子数据结合起来指向Cheliferidae,两者的支持度都很高。年代学分析表明,该科起源于白垩纪,其主要多样化发生在始新世。我们还发现,感觉特征(如毛叉和毛叉的位置)和非生殖器特征(如射精管的长度)变化更快,挑战了前者更高变化率的预测。综上所述,对于假蝎子来说,性选择以外的因素可能对其形态产生了更强的选择压力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Invertebrate Systematics
Invertebrate Systematics 生物-动物学
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
9.10%
发文量
35
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Invertebrate Systematics (formerly known as Invertebrate Taxonomy) is an international journal publishing original and significant contributions on the systematics, phylogeny and biogeography of all invertebrate taxa. Articles in the journal provide comprehensive treatments of clearly defined taxonomic groups, often emphasising their biodiversity patterns and/or biological aspects. The journal also includes contributions on the systematics of selected species that are of particular conservation, economic, medical or veterinary importance. Invertebrate Systematics is a vital resource globally for scientists, students, conservation biologists, environmental consultants and government policy advisors who are interested in terrestrial, freshwater and marine systems. Invertebrate Systematics is published with the endorsement of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the Australian Academy of Science.
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