The cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic staging in type 2 diabetes: the clock starts ticking early

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Journal of diabetes and its complications Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2025.109177

Karolina Hoffmann , Anna Paczkowska , Viviana Maggio , Manfredi Rizzo

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Nishizawa et al. demonstrate that cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) staging is a strong predictor of all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes, even before contemporary ardiorenal therapies were widely available. In their cohort, mortality rose sharply from stage 3 onward, underscoring that pathological risk begins well before overt cardiorenal failure. Because CKM staging relies on routine clinical data, it offers a pragmatic framework for early risk stratification, yet it is often applied too late. Integrating CKM assessment into electronic health systems and initiating cardiorenalprotective interventions in stages 1–2 could substantially improve outcomes. Future studies should validate CKM staging in modern therapy settings and evaluate stageguided interventions.

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2型糖尿病的心血管-肾脏-代谢分期：时钟开始提前

Nishizawa等人证明，即使在当代心肾治疗广泛应用之前，心血管肾代谢（CKM）分期也是2型糖尿病全因死亡率的一个强有力的预测指标。在他们的队列中，死亡率从3期开始急剧上升，强调病理性风险早在明显的心衰之前就开始了。由于CKM分期依赖于常规临床数据，它为早期风险分层提供了一个实用的框架，但它通常应用得太晚。将CKM评估纳入电子卫生系统，并在1-2阶段启动心血管保护干预措施，可显著改善预后。未来的研究应该在现代治疗环境中验证CKM分期，并评估分期指导的干预措施。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of diabetes and its complications 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

3.30%

发文量

153

审稿时长

16 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications (JDC) is a journal for health care practitioners and researchers, that publishes original research about the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus and its complications. JDC also publishes articles on physiological and molecular aspects of glucose homeostasis. The primary purpose of JDC is to act as a source of information usable by diabetes practitioners and researchers to increase their knowledge about mechanisms of diabetes and complications development, and promote better management of people with diabetes who are at risk for those complications. Manuscripts submitted to JDC can report any aspect of basic, translational or clinical research as well as epidemiology. Topics can range broadly from early prediabetes to late-stage complicated diabetes. Topics relevant to basic/translational reports include pancreatic islet dysfunction and insulin resistance, altered adipose tissue function in diabetes, altered neuronal control of glucose homeostasis and mechanisms of drug action. Topics relevant to diabetic complications include diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy; peripheral vascular disease and coronary heart disease; gastrointestinal disorders, renal failure and impotence; and hypertension and hyperlipidemia.