Regulation of heterosis-associated gene expression complementation in maize hybrids

IF 10.1 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Marion Pitz, Jutta A. Baldauf, Hans-Peter Piepho, Peng Yu, Heiko Schoof, Annaliese S. Mason, Guoliang Li, Frank Hochholdinger
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Abstract

Classical genetic concepts to explain heterosis attribute the superiority of F1-hybrids over their homozygous parents to the complementation of unfavorable by beneficial alleles (dominance) or to heterozygote advantage (overdominance). Here we analyze 112 intermated B73xMo17 recombinant inbred lines of maize and their backcrosses to their original parents B73 and Mo17 to obtain hybrids with an average heterozygosity of ~ 50%. This genetic architecture allows studying the influence of homozygous and heterozygous genomic regions on gene expression in hybrids. We demonstrate that single parent expression (SPE) complementation explains between − 8% and 29% of the mid-parent heterotic variance in these hybrids. In this expression pattern, consistent with dominance, genes are active in only one parent and in the hybrid, thus increasing the number of expressed genes in hybrids. Furthermore, we establish that eQTL regulating SPE genes are predominantly located in heterozygous regions of the genome. Finally, we identify an SPE gene that regulates lateral root density in hybrids. Remarkably, the activity of this gene depends on the presence of a Mo17 allele in an eQTL that regulates this gene. Here we show that dominance of SPE genes influences the number of active genes in hybrids, while heterozygosity is instrumental for the regulation of these genes. This finding supports the notion that the genetic constitution of distant regulatory elements is instrumental for the activity of heterosis-associated genes. In summary, our results connect genetic variation at regulatory loci and the degree of heterozygosity with phenotypic variation of heterosis via SPE complementation.
玉米杂种优势相关基因表达互补的调控
解释杂种优势的经典遗传学概念将f1杂种优于纯合子亲本的原因归结为有利等位基因与不利等位基因的互补(显性)或杂合子优势(超显性)。本文对112个玉米重组自交系B73xMo17及其与原亲本B73和Mo17的回交进行了分析,获得了平均杂合度约为50%的杂交种。这种遗传结构允许研究纯合子和杂合子基因组区域对杂交基因表达的影响。研究表明,单亲表达(SPE)互补解释了这些杂种中亲本杂种优势变异的- 8%至29%。在这种表达模式中,与显性一致,基因只在一个亲本和杂交种中活跃,从而增加了杂交种中表达基因的数量。此外,我们确定eQTL调控SPE基因主要位于基因组的杂合区域。最后,我们鉴定出一个调控杂交植株侧根密度的SPE基因。值得注意的是,该基因的活性取决于调控该基因的eQTL中Mo17等位基因的存在。本研究表明,SPE基因的显性影响杂交中活性基因的数量,而杂合性对这些基因的调控起着重要作用。这一发现支持了远端调控元件的遗传构成对杂种优势相关基因的活性起重要作用的观点。综上所述,我们的研究结果将调控位点的遗传变异和杂合度与SPE互补的杂种优势表型变异联系起来。
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来源期刊
Genome Biology
Genome Biology Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Genetics
CiteScore
21.00
自引率
3.30%
发文量
241
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Genome Biology stands as a premier platform for exceptional research across all domains of biology and biomedicine, explored through a genomic and post-genomic lens. With an impressive impact factor of 12.3 (2022),* the journal secures its position as the 3rd-ranked research journal in the Genetics and Heredity category and the 2nd-ranked research journal in the Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology category by Thomson Reuters. Notably, Genome Biology holds the distinction of being the highest-ranked open-access journal in this category. Our dedicated team of highly trained in-house Editors collaborates closely with our esteemed Editorial Board of international experts, ensuring the journal remains on the forefront of scientific advances and community standards. Regular engagement with researchers at conferences and institute visits underscores our commitment to staying abreast of the latest developments in the field.
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