{"title":"The Formation of Calcium Sulfate From the Interaction Between Common Calcium-Bearing Minerals and SO2: Insights Into Mineral Stability on Venus","authors":"S. T. Port, D. Lukco, T. Kremic, G. W. Hunter","doi":"10.1029/2025JE009169","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The elevated surface temperature (460°C) and pressure (95 bar) on Venus, combined with the harsh gases present in the atmosphere, provide a chemically active surface environment. This study exposed three calcium-bearing minerals (calcite, anorthite, and wollastonite) to Venus's surface temperature and an atmosphere of 1.5% SO<sub>2</sub> in 98.5% CO<sub>2</sub> for three different lengths of time (6, 12, and 24 days). All three samples were coated with a continuous secondary layer of calcium sulfate within 24 days of exposure. All samples also exhibited concentrated nucleation sites on the surface, which contained larger crystals. Among the tested minerals, calcite developed the thickest layer of calcium sulfate, which is consistent with the literature, followed by wollastonite and then anorthite.</p>","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"130 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2025JE009169","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The elevated surface temperature (460°C) and pressure (95 bar) on Venus, combined with the harsh gases present in the atmosphere, provide a chemically active surface environment. This study exposed three calcium-bearing minerals (calcite, anorthite, and wollastonite) to Venus's surface temperature and an atmosphere of 1.5% SO2 in 98.5% CO2 for three different lengths of time (6, 12, and 24 days). All three samples were coated with a continuous secondary layer of calcium sulfate within 24 days of exposure. All samples also exhibited concentrated nucleation sites on the surface, which contained larger crystals. Among the tested minerals, calcite developed the thickest layer of calcium sulfate, which is consistent with the literature, followed by wollastonite and then anorthite.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Geophysical Research Planets is dedicated to the publication of new and original research in the broad field of planetary science. Manuscripts concerning planetary geology, geophysics, geochemistry, atmospheres, and dynamics are appropriate for the journal when they increase knowledge about the processes that affect Solar System objects. Manuscripts concerning other planetary systems, exoplanets or Earth are welcome when presented in a comparative planetology perspective. Studies in the field of astrobiology will be considered when they have immediate consequences for the interpretation of planetary data. JGR: Planets does not publish manuscripts that deal with future missions and instrumentation, nor those that are primarily of an engineering interest. Instrument, calibration or data processing papers may be appropriate for the journal, but only when accompanied by scientific analysis and interpretation that increases understanding of the studied object. A manuscript that describes a new method or technique would be acceptable for JGR: Planets if it contained new and relevant scientific results obtained using the method. Review articles are generally not appropriate for JGR: Planets, but they may be considered if they form an integral part of a special issue.
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