Synthesis and characterization of modified bismuth ferrite (1-x)BiFeO3 -x(BiK)Ti/MnO3, (x = 0.15, 0.20)

Abstract

In the present era, the main aim of the researchers is to develop lead-free materials for ferroelectric material devices. Ceramics of perovskite compounds were successfully synthesized using a chemical decomposition method, with the composition (1-x) BiFeO₃-x(Bi K)TiMnO₃, where x was varied at 0.15 and 0.20. The average crystallite size for BKTM with 15% content and BKTM with 20% content was determined utilizing the Scherrer formula, resulting in 25.34 nm and 24.35 nm, respectively. The confirmation of compound creation was based on the analysis of Crystelloplotic XRD pattern data. The BKTM 15% exhibits an average grain size of 0.41 µm, while BKTM 20% shows 0.40 µm. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis detected elements such as Bi, Fe, Na, K, Ti, and Mn. Modulus property exploration revealed non-Debye model relaxation behavior, which was observed particularly for sensor technology applications. To investigate the relaxation and conduction mechanisms in these samples were conducted at different temperatures and recurrence. Additionally, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to examine particle allocation and the location of grain boundaries. Impedance spectroscopic studies covered a wide temperature range (300 K-780 K) and a broad recurrence range (10³–10⁶ Hz). Complex plane and Impedance scale are semicircular arcs, which are related to the semiconducting character of the sample.