Performance Evaluation of Constant Voltage and Reactive Power Control Strategies for Renewable-Integrated Grid-Connected EV Charging Stations

Abstract

This research presents an innovative Constant Reactive Power (Q) and Constant Voltage (V) controlled renewable energy-based Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station (EVCS). The proposed approach addresses challenges such as limited renewable energy sources, high operational costs, and grid instability, aiming to enhance EV charging efficiency. By integrating renewable resources like wind turbines, solar photovoltaic panels, and energy storage systems, the station can consume electricity during off-peak hours and supply power to the grid when demand is high. The innovation lies in applying Constant V and Q control to stabilize voltage and frequency, ensuring the system’s resilience under fault conditions. Simulation results demonstrate the controllers’ robustness, with voltage and frequency returning to nominal values within 0.4 seconds, indicating rapid recovery after faults. The proposed strategy offers a scalable and cost-effective framework for EV charging stations, adaptable to regions with similar challenges. Additionally, it contributes to grid stability, enhances energy efficiency, and reduces carbon footprints by integrating renewable energy. This solution optimizes renewable resource usage and supports the transition to sustainable energy systems, providing a reliable and efficient charging infrastructure for the future.