Design and Evaluation of a Mobile App for Intergenerational Communication: User-Centered Participatory Design and Experimental Mixed Methods Study.

Abstract

Background: Social isolation and weakened intergenerational ties pose significant threats to the emotional well-being and social support networks of older adults. Although structured intergenerational programs can reduce age-related stereotypes and promote connectedness, their accessibility is often hindered by physical and logistical constraints. The increasing digital literacy among older populations presents new opportunities for technology-based interventions to support meaningful cross-generational engagement.

Objective: This study aimed to design and evaluate a mobile app that fosters intergenerational communication and enhances perceived social support in older adults using a user-centered design framework grounded in the double diamond model.

Methods: The development process followed the 4 phases of the double diamond model. In the discover phase, surveys with older and younger adults identified distinct usability preferences. The define phase synthesized these insights into key design principles. In the develop phase, a prototype was created and iteratively refined through usability testing. Finally, in the deliver phase, a 2-week experimental study involving 39 participants (20 older adults aged 68-82 years and 19 younger adults aged 22-39 years) assessed changes in intergenerational interaction, perceived social support, and user satisfaction.

Results: The app appeared to enhance intergenerational communication and perceived social support, particularly among older participants. Users reported increased comfort and emotional connection in cross-generational conversations. Accessibility features and engaging content were noted as contributing to positive user experiences across age groups.

Conclusions: This study suggests the potential of user-centered digital platforms to promote social well-being among older adults. By addressing the unique needs of multiple generations, such interventions may help foster inclusive digital environments and contribute to age-friendly, connected societies. Despite limitations related to sample size, duration, and cultural context, the study provides preliminary evidence for the potential of co-designed digital tools in supporting intergenerational communication and aging-in-place.