Polyaromatic hydrocarbons and trace metals in road-deposited soil, source apportionment, and risk analysis: evidence from the largest port city of Bangladesh.
Md Samrat Mohay Menul Islam, Md Nure Alam Siddik, Md Ashraful Islam, Sharmin Ahmed Trisha, Mahbub Alam, Md Hasan Ali, Goutam Kumar Kundu, Suman Das, Saikat Das, Md Rezaul Karim, Dipankar Chakraborty, Sreebash Chandra Bhattacharjee, Barun Kanti Saha
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study assessed the concentration of 6 trace metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Fe) and 16 USEPA priority polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road-deposited soil in Chattogram, the largest port city of Bangladesh. The soil texture analysis conducted during this study revealed the presence of several soil types with variable quartz content. The basic nature and high electrical conductivity (EC) indicate high amount of dust deposition by the moving traffic, while low content of organic carbon indicate regular road construction can be prevalent in the studied area. The physicochemical characteristics did not affect the trace metal and PAH accumulation pattern. Among the metals studied, Pb pollution was observed to be moderate to high, whereas potential toxicity of PAHs' was significant. Both Chronic Daily Dose (CDD) and Hazard Quotient (HQ) values were higher for Fe especially in children associated with ingestion. Children's total cancer risk (TCR) was low from trace metals and also there was no significant health risk linked to PAHs for either adults or children. Petroleum was shown to be the primary source of PAHs using the Molecular Diagnostic Ratios (MDRs). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) highlighted several overlapping sources of trace metals and PAHs, including traffic emissions, industrial activities, and pyrogenic processes, indicating significant anthropogenic impacts. These findings underscore the necessity for pollution control actions to mitigate health and environmental vulnerabilities along the major roads.
期刊介绍:
Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people.
Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes.
The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.