Burkholderia cepacia Splenic Abscess in a Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patient.

Abstract

Introduction: Splenic abscesses are rare and primarily affect immunocompromised patients. Burkholderia cepacia, an opportunistic, multidrug-resistant pathogen, is an uncommon cause of such infections. This case describes a 69-year-old male with multiple myeloma, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease who developed a B. cepacia splenic abscess, emphasizing the pathogen's emerging role in immunocompromised individuals.

Case presentation: A 69-year-old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease was admitted with fever and generalized weakness. Notably, he had been hospitalized 3 months earlier for bacteremia due to B. cepacia, which was treated with intravenous antibiotics. During the current admission, imaging revealed multiple splenic abscesses. Blood and splenic aspirate cultures confirmed B. cepacia. The patient was diagnosed with multiple myeloma based on a history of recurrent infections, hypercalcemia, anemia, A:G reversal, and bone marrow biopsy findings. He was treated with intravenous antibiotics and supportive care, leading to clinical improvement.

Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of considering B. cepacia as a causative agent in splenic abscesses, particularly in patients with newly diagnosed hematologic malignancies. Early recognition and appropriate antimicrobial therapy are crucial for improving patient outcomes.