Nicholas Khundrakpam, Biwel Binong, Rebekha Mushahary, Anamika Nath, Mebaaibok L Nonglait, Pratibha Deka
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The study analyzed eleven elements in road dust from residential areas, traffic areas, commercial areas, and plastic paper and e-waste collection sites in Shillong, Northeast India. Elemental concentrations followed the order: Al > Fe > Mg > Mn > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cr > Co > Ni > Cd. Among these, Cd showed the highest enrichment (EF = 63.01), followed by Pb (EF = 24.78), and contributed 92% and 6% of the ecological risk, respectively. Pollution indices confirmed significant contamination in all sites. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) indicated extreme pollution for Cd, moderate to extreme for Pb, and low to moderate levels for other elements. Strong positive correlations were observed among Al-Mg, Co-Cu, Co-Mn, Pb-Zn, and Pb-Cd, with moderate correlations (r = 0.4-0.6) for Cd-Zn, Cu-Zn, and Fe-Cr. PCA revealed three major sources: anthropogenic and crustal, traffic and e-waste, and geogenic. The hazard index exceeded 1 for children at all sites, indicating potential non-carcinogenic risk, primarily via ingestion. Chromium was the main contributor to cancer risk, though overall levels remained within safe limits. FTIR and PXRD analyses confirmed quartz as the dominant mineral, along with silicate, carbonate, and others. The study recommends pollution control measures to aid urban planning and safeguard public health.
期刊介绍：
Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people.
Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes.
The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.
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