A Case Report of Potato Allergy With Atypical Manifestations in a 2-Year-Old Child.

Abstract

Food allergies are an increasing global health concern, affecting up to 6%-8% of children and 3%-4% of adults. While common allergens such as milk, eggs, and peanuts are well-documented, rare food allergies, such as those to potatoes, remain underrecognized. Potatoes, a staple food worldwide, can trigger allergic reactions in susceptible individuals due to proteins like patatin (Sol t 1) and protease inhibitors. This case report describes a two-year-old child presenting with recurrent gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms, ultimately diagnosed with a potato allergy. The child exhibited intermittent vomiting, diarrhea, and wheezing, with episodes temporally linked to potato consumption. Initial clinical evaluations, including hydration and dietary modifications for lactose intolerance or viral gastroenteritis, provided temporary relief but failed to address the underlying cause. A worsening pattern of symptoms, including perioral redness and worsening wheezing, prompted referral to a pediatric allergist. Diagnostic workup revealed elevated eosinophil counts, increased total IgE levels, and significant skin prick test (SPT) reactivity to potato extract. Serum-specific IgE testing confirmed sensitization to Sol t 1. Management included a strict potato-free diet, with additional precautionary exclusion of cross-reactive foods within the Solanaceae family. This intervention led to complete resolution of symptoms, improved weight gain, and enhanced quality of life. Long-term follow-up demonstrated a decline in specific IgE levels, although oral food challenges were deferred due to initial symptom severity. This case underscores the importance of considering rare food allergies in the differential diagnosis of recurrent, nonspecific gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms in children. Early recognition, aided by targeted allergy testing, can prevent diagnostic delays and unnecessary investigations. Effective management through dietary modifications not only resolves symptoms but also empowers families with the tools to ensure long-term safety and well-being. This report contributes to the growing awareness of potato allergy and its atypical presentations.