Split-thickness skin graft using scalp as a donor site for third-degree burn treatment in a newborn (case report)

Abstract

Introduction and importance

Neonatal burns are uncommon but represent a critical medical challenge due to the physiological vulnerability of newborns, including fragile skin, immature immune response, and limited physiological reserves. Most burns in this population are iatrogenic, often preventable with proper care and equipment handling. The absence of standardized protocols complicates management, making each case an opportunity to refine treatment strategies and highlight prevention.

Case presentation

We present a case of a 16-hour-old male newborn with a third-degree thermal contact burn to the right forearm caused by overheated saline bags. Initial treatment included autolytic debridement and temporary coverage with a cadaveric skin allograft. Definitive closure was achieved using a split-thickness autologous skin graft harvested from the scalp.

Clinical discussion

The use of a cadaveric skin allograft improved wound bed conditions, facilitating successful autologous grafting. The scalp donor site provided rapid healing, minimal scarring, and early hair regrowth. This case reinforces the importance of careful thermal control in clinical environments and demonstrates the efficacy of a staged surgical approach in neonatal patients.

Conclusion

Scalp skin grafting is a reliable option in neonates, offering favorable healing and cosmetic outcomes. A two-stage grafting strategy can enhance graft success and minimize donor site morbidity.