Use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics in an acute inpatient psychiatric unit and 90-day re-hospitalization rates: results of an observational prospective study.
Claudio Brasso, Anna Maria Beoni, Gianluca Colli, Giulia Nicoletta Mariani, Paola Rocca
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Abstract
Background: Poor adherence to antipsychotic medications is the leading cause of relapses and hospitalizations in patients with schizophrenia, resulting in worse functional outcomes and quality of life. Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics are an effective therapeutic option to improve adherence, but they are often underutilized, particularly during inpatient care.
Objective: To investigate the predictive factors for LAI utilization among inpatients with schizophrenia and to assess whether initiating a LAI antipsychotic treatment during hospitalization reduces the risk of readmission.
Design: Observational prospective study.
Methods: Patients were evaluated at admission, discharge, and after 3 months. Two comparisons were performed: patients who initiated a LAI during the hospitalization versus those who continued with oral antipsychotics, and readmitted versus not-readmitted patients within 3 months. Factors statistically associated with LAI initiation or readmission were entered as independent variables in two backward logistic regression models, having "LAI initiation" and "rehospitalization at three months" as outcomes.
Results: One hundred two patients were included. Twelve were lost at follow-up. Forty-two (44%) initiated an LAI during the admission. Subjects who received LAI were significantly younger, more educated, and less adherent to treatment. Thirty (33%) patients were readmitted within 3 months after discharge. Re-hospitalized subjects had more psychiatric hospitalizations in the past and a lower rate of LAI antipsychotic treatment initiation during the studied hospitalization: 5/39 (13%) patients prescribed a LAI antipsychotic were readmitted within 3 months, compared with 25/51 (49%) prescribed an oral antipsychotic medication (OR = 0.19; p = 0.002).
Conclusion: Introducing LAI antipsychotic treatment during a psychiatric hospitalization may reduce the risk of early readmissions, thus facilitating the improvement of the course of the illness and the patient's quality of life.
期刊介绍：
Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology delivers the highest quality peer-reviewed articles, reviews, and scholarly comment on pioneering efforts and innovative studies across all areas of psychopharmacology. The journal has a strong clinical and pharmacological focus and is aimed at clinicians and researchers in psychopharmacology, providing a forum in print and online for publishing the highest quality articles in this area.
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