Drivers of Coral and Sponge Community Composition and Size Structure Revealed With Cumulative Abundance Profiles

IF 1.8 4区 生物学 Q3 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
Johanne Vad, Jason Cleland, Laurence H. De Clippele, Evert de Froe, Georgios Kazanidis, Sabena Blackbird, Dick Van Oevelen, Erica Head, Igor Yashayaev, Ellen Kenchington, Bárbara de Moura Neves, Evan Edinger, David Coté, J. Murray Roberts
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Deep-sea corals and sponges form ecologically significant habitats that support biodiversity hotspots and contribute to important ecosystem functions such as carbon and nutrient cycling as well as benthic-pelagic coupling. However, quantifying their contributions to ecosystem functioning requires examination not only of the fine spatial distribution of community composition but also community size structure, because larger individuals are expected to contribute more to ecosystem functions than smaller ones. Here we create novel cumulative abundance profiles (CAPs) by combining body size structure with species abundance data to identify ecological drivers of sponge and coral community composition and size structure. Data were collected from 226 drop camera images captured near Saglek Bank, on the northern Labrador shelf and upper slope in the northwest Atlantic. The density of four coral and 17 sponge morphospecies were recorded from each image. The surface area covered by coral and sponge specimens was measured (1458 measurements in total) and converted to size estimates using data from live specimens collected with a rock dredge. Cumulative abundance profiles were then constructed and combined with cluster analysis to identify distinct community assemblages. In addition, distance-based redundancy analysis was used to identify environmental drivers influencing cluster community composition and/or size structure. Finally, organic carbon turnover was calculated for each cluster using published respiration data. Three assemblages were identified with differing composition and size structures. One of these was characterized by large coral and sponge morphospecies and individuals. The spatial distribution of this cluster was controlled by interactions between substrate type, terrain position index (TPI) and orientation of the slope (eastness). When analysing composition or size structure separately, dissolved oxygen and current speed respectively were also identified as key parameters. This finding indicates that substrate type and TPI influence the presence of coral and sponges in the study area, while dissolved oxygen may constrain which morphospecies are present and bottom currents restrict the size of individuals. As predicted, high levels of carbon turnover were driven by large sponge and coral individuals, likely maintained in part by the sponge loop in which sponges recycle dissolved organic matter into particulate organic matter. This study gives the first demonstration of how CAPs can be used to analyse spatial variation in deep-sea benthic community composition and size structure and appropriately quantify contribution to ecosystem functions such as carbon turnover.

Abstract Image

累积丰度剖面揭示珊瑚和海绵群落组成和大小结构的驱动因素
深海珊瑚和海绵形成具有重要生态意义的栖息地,支持生物多样性热点,并促进重要的生态系统功能,如碳和养分循环以及底-上层耦合。然而,量化它们对生态系统功能的贡献不仅需要考察群落组成的精细空间分布,还需要考察群落规模结构,因为预计较大的个体比较小的个体对生态系统功能的贡献更大。本研究通过结合体大小结构和物种丰度数据建立了新的累积丰度曲线(CAPs),以确定海绵和珊瑚群落组成和大小结构的生态驱动因素。数据收集自226张在Saglek Bank附近拍摄的相机图像,位于拉布拉多大陆架北部和大西洋西北部的上斜坡。每张图像记录了4种珊瑚和17种海绵形态的密度。测量了珊瑚和海绵标本覆盖的表面面积(总共1458个测量值),并利用挖泥船收集的活体标本数据转换为大小估计值。然后构建累积丰度曲线,并结合聚类分析来识别不同的群落组合。此外,基于距离的冗余分析用于确定影响集群群落组成和/或规模结构的环境驱动因素。最后,利用已发表的呼吸数据计算每个簇的有机碳周转量。鉴定出三个组合,它们的组成和大小结构各不相同。其中之一的特点是大型珊瑚和海绵形态物种和个体。该簇的空间分布受基材类型、地形位置指数(TPI)和坡向(东经度)的相互作用控制。在单独分析组成或尺寸结构时,溶解氧和电流速度也分别被确定为关键参数。这一发现表明,基质类型和TPI影响研究区域内珊瑚和海绵的存在,而溶解氧可能限制存在的形态物种,而底流限制个体的大小。正如预测的那样,高水平的碳周转是由大型海绵和珊瑚个体驱动的,可能部分是由海绵循环维持的,在海绵循环中,海绵将溶解的有机物循环成颗粒有机物。该研究首次展示了cap如何用于分析深海底栖生物群落组成和规模结构的空间变化,并适当量化对生态系统功能(如碳周转)的贡献。
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来源期刊
Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective
Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Marine Ecology publishes original contributions on the structure and dynamics of marine benthic and pelagic ecosystems, communities and populations, and on the critical links between ecology and the evolution of marine organisms. The journal prioritizes contributions elucidating fundamental aspects of species interaction and adaptation to the environment through integration of information from various organizational levels (molecules to ecosystems) and different disciplines (molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, physiology, marine biology, natural history, geography, oceanography, palaeontology and modelling) as viewed from an ecological perspective. The journal also focuses on population genetic processes, evolution of life histories, morphological traits and behaviour, historical ecology and biogeography, macro-ecology and seascape ecology, palaeo-ecological reconstruction, and ecological changes due to introduction of new biota, human pressure or environmental change. Most applied marine science, including fisheries biology, aquaculture, natural-products chemistry, toxicology, and local pollution studies lie outside the scope of the journal. Papers should address ecological questions that would be of interest to a worldwide readership of ecologists; papers of mostly local interest, including descriptions of flora and fauna, taxonomic descriptions, and range extensions will not be considered.
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