The Influence of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Trauma Informed Care Among Primary Care Providers: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Abstract

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to lasting health and socioeconomic challenges; however, less is known about how primary care providers' own trauma histories impact their provision of trauma-informed care (TIC). This cross-sectional survey study assessed the relationship between primary care providers' personal trauma history (ACE scores), personal reaction to trauma (burnout, compassion fatigue, and vicarious victimization), and TIC practice. A total of 167 primary care providers were recruited between March 2024 and August 2024 and completed a 38-item online survey. Measures included the Trauma Informed Care-Provider Assessment Tool (TIC-PAT), the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQLS), the ACEs Study Questionnaire, and demographics. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis was conducted. Respondents were an average of 59.73 years old, white (88.89%) and medical doctors (90.48%). Average ACE score of respondents was 1.4 (SD = 1.47). Analysis revealed that providers with higher ACEs scores were significantly more likely to implement TIC (B = 0.11, P = .02). However, no significant association was found between personal reaction to trauma and TIC provision. Findings suggest that primary care providers with personal trauma histories may be more attuned to the effects of trauma, leading to greater TIC implementation. The study highlights the importance of TIC training for all providers-particularly for those with lower ACE scores-while also recognizing that providers with higher ACE scores may benefit from training to manage personal trauma and enhance their clinical practice.