How safe are magnetic fields in enhancing drug delivery in ocular treatment? Hydrodynamic aspects

IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 MECHANICS
Deepak Kumar, Subramaniam Pushpavanam
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Abstract

Aqueous humor dynamics is responsible for maintaining intraocular pressure, ocular health and targeted drug delivery within the eye. This study investigates the flow of AH within the anterior chamber under the combined influence of a uniform magnetic field and natural convection. Different orientations of the magnetic field and temperature gradient are considered. A lubrication approximation is employed and the resulting equations are solved using regular perturbation method. The analytical solutions are validated using numerical simulations performed in COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2\protect \relax \special {t4ht=®}. In the standing position, AH flow field is characterized by a single vortex, while in the supine position, it forms two counter-rotating vortices. The velocity is found to be higher in standing position. The effect of a uniform magnetic field on the velocity is more significant in the supine position. The magnetic field does not change the flow field qualitatively as buoyancy is the primary driving force. In the standing position a magnetic field oriented perpendicular to the eye resulted in a greatest reduction of AH velocity, as compared to a magnetic field along the eye. The use of magnetic fields is being considered as a disruptive technology in ocular treatment. This study establishes that magnetic fields provide a holistic approach for targeted drug delivery in ocular treatment. They can be used without fear of any risks as the flow patterns in AH are not qualitatively modified.
磁场在眼部治疗中增强药物传递的安全性如何?水动力方面
房水动力学负责维持眼压、眼健康和眼内靶向药物输送。本研究考察了均匀磁场和自然对流共同作用下前房AH的流动情况。考虑了不同方向的磁场和温度梯度。采用润滑近似,用正则摄动法求解得到的方程。利用COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2\protect \relax \special {t4ht=®}进行的数值模拟验证了解析解的有效性。在站立位置时,AH流场的特征为单个涡,而在仰卧位置时,它形成两个反向旋转的涡。发现站姿时速度更高。平卧位时,均匀磁场对速度的影响更为显著。由于浮力是主要的驱动力,磁场不会对流场产生质的改变。与沿眼睛方向的磁场相比,在站立位置垂直于眼睛方向的磁场导致AH速度的最大降低。磁场的使用被认为是眼部治疗中的一项颠覆性技术。本研究确定磁场为眼部治疗的靶向药物递送提供了一种整体方法。它们可以使用而不必担心任何风险,因为AH中的流模式没有进行定性修改。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
3.80%
发文量
127
审稿时长
58 days
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids publishes papers in all fields of fluid mechanics. Although investigations in well-established areas are within the scope of the journal, recent developments and innovative ideas are particularly welcome. Theoretical, computational and experimental papers are equally welcome. Mathematical methods, be they deterministic or stochastic, analytical or numerical, will be accepted provided they serve to clarify some identifiable problems in fluid mechanics, and provided the significance of results is explained. Similarly, experimental papers must add physical insight in to the understanding of fluid mechanics.
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