Physical health status of people with substance use disorders: Results from a major Turkish addiction center.

Abstract

This study was conducted in a descriptive and cross-sectional design to determine the physical health status of individuals with substance use disorders receiving inpatient treatment at an addiction treatment center. Data were collected between April 2023 and April 2024 at the Adult Detoxification Center of a psychiatric hospital in Istanbul, Türkiye. The sample consisted of a total of 261 individuals with substance use disorders (218 males and 43 females) who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form and the Health Improvement Profile. The most common physical illness among people with substance use disorders is cardiovascular disease. Significant gender-based differences were observed across multiple health domains. In the measurement subscale, women had significantly higher pulse rates compared to men. In the blood test subscale, mean total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were also significantly higher among women. The screening subscale revealed significant gender differences in dental and eye examinations, breast self-examination, presence of constipation and/or diarrhea, as well as gastrointestinal symptoms, such as bloating, distention, or the need for laxative use. Similarly, lifestyle-related variables-including physical activity, daily alcohol and carbohydrate intake, fluid consumption, cannabis use, and engagement in safe sexual practices-differed significantly by gender. It is important to diagnose, monitor, and risk assess the physical health of individuals with substance use disorders. Therefore, mental health and psychiatric nurses should emphasize physical diagnosis and provide a holistic approach to individuals with substance use disorders.