Aluminum combustion in CO2 and alumina recycling for renewable energy storage

Abstract

This narrative review explores the potential of aluminum (Al) combustion in carbon dioxide (CO₂) environments as a novel approach to renewable energy storage and carbon capture. The exothermic reaction between Al and CO₂ generates aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) and carbon monoxide (CO), offering a CO₂-utilizing system that could contribute to net-zero emissions. By harnessing the energy released from this reaction and the further oxidation of CO to CO₂ to drive power cycles, this method provides a renewable, CO₂-free alternative to conventional fossil fuel-based energy storage. A critical aspect of this process is the efficient recycling of Al₂O₃, which can be performed using surplus renewable energy, ensuring a closed-loop system. While promising, challenges such as high operational temperatures, an incomplete understanding of combustion dynamics, and the large energy costs of recycling Al₂O₃ remain. This review emphasizes the need for further research into optimizing combustion conditions and developing advanced alumina recycling technologies. By integrating renewable-powered recycling and CO₂ utilization, this system presents a potential solution for sustainable energy storage and greenhouse gas mitigation.