The next-generation digital twin: from advanced sensing towards artificial intelligence-assisted physical-virtual system

Abstract

Due to the emerging technologies of the metaverse and the growth of the Internet of Things(IoTs), digital twin has became compelling research topics along with the field of industrial automation, robotics, etc. To understand the advancement of digital twin relating elements, three issues need to be mentioned. The first technology is the advanced sensing component mainly aiming to objects status identification, functional electronic materials to break detection limitation, and data-enhancement by virtual sensors. Among them, sensing with the ability of self-powered, high-sensitivity, and soft electronic dramatically facilitates digital twin in high-accuracy and fast response. Secondly, the physical-virtual model towards intelligent system in digital twin is summerized to utilize simulating real prototype and virtual reality, especially physical-virtual prototype, subsystems, and artificial intelligent-enhanced digital twin system. Finally, owing to the machine learning and artificial intelligence, the next-generation digital twin system with advnaced sensing, physical-virtual system, and artificial intelligent-enhanced in various applications in one system would be the future trend. This review not only systemly reports digital twin from sensing component, the fundamental theory to the physical-virtual prototype, and artificial intelligence-enhanced technologies, it also presnets the future trajectory of the next-generation of digital twin as well as the challenges for various potential applications.