Germ-Specific Triacylglycerols as Potential Biomarkers for Authenticating Zhongzi Purple Rice, a Cultivar Recognized for Its Nutritional Value

IF 2.7 2区 化学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS
Zhenchao Shao, , , Shuangshuang Di, , , Jie Lian*, , and , Honggang Nie*, 
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Zhongzi purple rice is recognized as a nutritionally superior whole-grain variety, containing higher levels of protein, iron, dietary fiber, and vitamin B6 compared to conventional rice. While the nutritional profile of Zhongzi purple rice is well-established, the spatial distribution and structural specificity of its lipid components, especially germ-specific triacylglycerols (TAGs), remain poorly characterized. This study employs a multimodal mass spectrometric strategy to investigate the lipidomic uniqueness of the Zhongzi purple rice. The strategy combines matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) for spatial analysis, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) for primary analysis, and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI-HRMS/MS) for secondary analysis. MALDI-MSI identified seven metabolites in Zhongzi purple rice that exhibited germ-specific accumulation. In contrast, these metabolites showed markedly reduced signal intensities and lacked structured spatial distribution in conventional purple, black, and brown rice. Using a combination of lipidomic database interrogation, HRMS molecular formula validation, and APCI-HRMS/MS structural elucidation, we identified these metabolites as unsaturated fatty acid-enriched TAGs. Specifically, they were TAG(16:0/16:0/18:2), TAG(16:0/16:0/18:1), TAG(16:0/18:1/18:3), TAG(16:0/18:1/18:2), TAG(16:0/18:1/18:1), TAG(18:1/18:2/18:2), and TAG(18:1/18:1/18:2). The high unsaturation of these TAGs contributes to improved lipid hydrolysis efficiency, metabolic health benefits, and oxidative stability. These properties highlight Zhongzi purple rice as a potential functional food source. Due to their germ-specific accumulation, these compounds can act as potential biomarkers for authenticating Zhongzi purple rice and detecting adulterants. This provides a practical solution to commercial challenges in the industry. This study pushes the boundaries of cereal lipidomics through the integration of spatially resolved imaging and structural validation. The results shed light on the role of lipids in driving the nutritional and metabolic benefits of whole grains.

Abstract Image

细菌特异性甘油三酯作为鉴定紫水稻营养价值的潜在生物标志物
紫紫米被认为是一种营养丰富的全谷物品种,与传统大米相比,紫紫米含有更高水平的蛋白质、铁、膳食纤维和维生素B6。虽然粽子紫米的营养成分已经确定,但其脂质成分的空间分布和结构特异性,特别是细菌特异性的甘油三酯(TAGs)的特征仍然很差。本研究采用多模态质谱分析方法研究了粽子紫稻脂质组学的独特性。该策略结合了基质辅助激光解吸/电离质谱成像(MALDI-MSI)进行空间分析,高分辨率质谱(HRMS)进行初级分析,高分辨率串联质谱与大气压化学电离(APCI-HRMS/MS)进行二级分析。MALDI-MSI鉴定出7种紫紫稻的代谢物具有细菌特异性积累。相比之下,这些代谢物在传统紫米、黑米和糙米中表现出明显降低的信号强度和缺乏结构化的空间分布。通过脂质组学数据库查询、HRMS分子式验证和APCI-HRMS/MS结构解析,我们确定了这些代谢产物是不饱和脂肪酸富集的标签。具体地说,他们是标签(16:0/16:0/18:2),标签(16:0/16:0/18:1),标签(16:0/18:1/18:3),标签(16:0/18:1/18:2),标签(16:0/18:1/18:1),标签(18:1/18:2/18:2)和标签(18:1/18:1/18:2)。这些标签的高度不饱和有助于提高脂质水解效率、代谢健康益处和氧化稳定性。这些特性凸显了粽子紫米作为一种潜在的功能性食物来源。由于这些化合物的细菌特异性积累,它们可以作为紫紫稻鉴别和掺假检测的潜在生物标志物。这为行业中的商业挑战提供了一个实用的解决方案。本研究通过整合空间分辨成像和结构验证,突破了谷物脂质组学的界限。研究结果揭示了脂质在促进全谷物营养和代谢益处方面的作用。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
9.40%
发文量
257
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry presents research papers covering all aspects of mass spectrometry, incorporating coverage of fields of scientific inquiry in which mass spectrometry can play a role. Comprehensive in scope, the journal publishes papers on both fundamentals and applications of mass spectrometry. Fundamental subjects include instrumentation principles, design, and demonstration, structures and chemical properties of gas-phase ions, studies of thermodynamic properties, ion spectroscopy, chemical kinetics, mechanisms of ionization, theories of ion fragmentation, cluster ions, and potential energy surfaces. In addition to full papers, the journal offers Communications, Application Notes, and Accounts and Perspectives
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