Quality of Preeclampsia Videos on TikTok: A Social Media Analysis

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Journal of the National Medical Association Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jnma.2025.08.052

Monica D. Hill MPH, Kandis M.J. Fox BS, Olivia Y. Gardiner MS, Angel G.A. Prempeh BS, Alane M. Laws-Barker MD

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. It leads to severe maternal and neonatal complications, including fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and maternal death. Affecting approximately 1 in 25 pregnancies worldwide, timely detection and education are crucial for improved birthing outcomes. With over a billion active users, TikTok is a rapidly growing social media platform for information dissemination. As health professionals consider using TikTok to share health content, concerns about the accuracy and quality of information have emerged. While previous studies have assessed health content on platforms like YouTube and Instagram, no studies have specifically evaluated preeclampsia-related videos on TikTok. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy, clarity, and comprehensiveness of preeclampsia-related content on TikTok.

Methods

This study is a cross-section content analysis of publicly available preeclampsia-related videos on TikTok. Using the APIFY TikTok extractor, we retrieved all relevant videos on November 13, 2024 based on hashtags and captions containing “preeclampsia,” “toxemia,” or “pregnancy hypertension.” The extracted videos were collected in an Excel sheet with all relevant data such as uploader type, content type, and engagement metrics. Our exclusion criteria were applied and the Excel sheet was updated as such. Two independent reviewers assessed quality using the Modified DISCERN tool, JAMA benchmark, and Global Quality Score. The ACOG bulletin on preeclampsia served as the gold standard for content veracity.

Results

A total of 147 videos met the inclusion criteria. Most were uploaded by non-medical individuals (64.63%), followed by OB/GYNs (14.97%), healthcare non-physicians (14.97%), and other physicians (5.44%). The most common content types were personal experiences (59.86%) and educational videos (35.37%). Videos uploaded by OB/GYNs had the highest mean quality scores (Modified Discern Tool= 2.32, GQS= 3.45, and JAMA= 1.39), followed by healthcare non-physicians (Modified Discern Tool= 1.64, GQS= 3.18, and JAMA= 1.30). Non-medical individuals had the lowest quality (Modified Discern Tool= 0.36, GQS= 1.78, and JAMA= 0.98). When assessed by content, educational videos had higher quality scores than personal experience videos (Modified Discern Tool= 1.79 vs 0.32, GQS= 3.16 vs 1.72, and JAMA= 1.26 vs 0.99). Statistically significant differences were found between uploader type and quality scores with healthcare professionals producing higher-quality content than non-medical individuals (P<0.019).

Similarly, educational videos were significantly higher in quality than personal experience videos (P<0.000). Interestingly, lower-quality videos had greater engagement (i.e., likes, comments, shares, views) than higher-quality videos (P<0.04).

Conclusion

The quality of preeclampsia-related TikTok videos varies significantly by uploader and content type. Healthcare professionals upload higher-quality educational videos, while non-medical individuals upload lower-quality personal experiences. However, lower quality videos had higher public engagement. These findings emphasize the need for improved regulation of health- related content posted on TikTok and highlight its potential as an educational tool for maternal health.

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TikTok上子痫前期视频的质量：一项社交媒体分析

子痫前期是妊娠期高血压疾病。它会导致严重的孕产妇和新生儿并发症，包括胎儿生长受限、早产和孕产妇死亡。影响全世界约1 / 25的妊娠，及时发现和教育对改善分娩结果至关重要。抖音是一个快速发展的信息传播社交媒体平台，活跃用户超过10亿。随着卫生专业人员考虑使用TikTok分享健康内容，人们开始担心信息的准确性和质量。虽然之前的研究评估了YouTube和Instagram等平台上的健康内容，但没有研究专门评估TikTok上与先兆子痫相关的视频。这项研究旨在评估TikTok上先兆子痫相关内容的准确性、清晰度和全面性。方法本研究对TikTok上公开的子痫前期相关视频进行横断面内容分析。我们使用APIFY TikTok提取器，根据包含“先兆子痫”、“毒血症”或“妊娠高血压”的标签和标题，检索了2024年11月13日的所有相关视频。提取的视频被收集在一个Excel表格中，其中包含所有相关数据，如上传者类型、内容类型和参与度指标。应用我们的排除标准，并更新Excel表格。两名独立审稿人使用改进的DISCERN工具、JAMA基准和全球质量评分评估质量。ACOG关于先兆子痫的公告是内容准确性的金标准。结果147个视频符合纳入标准。大多数上传者是非医疗人员（64.63%），其次是妇产科医生（14.97%）、医疗保健非医生（14.97%）和其他医生（5.44%）。最常见的内容类型是个人经历（59.86%）和教育视频（35.37%）。OB/GYNs上传的视频平均质量得分最高（Modified Discern Tool= 2.32， GQS= 3.45， JAMA= 1.39），其次是医疗保健非医生（Modified Discern Tool= 1.64， GQS= 3.18， JAMA= 1.30）。非医学个体的质量最低（修正辨别工具= 0.36，GQS= 1.78， JAMA= 0.98）。当以内容评估时，教育视频的质量得分高于个人体验视频（Modified Discern Tool= 1.79 vs 0.32， GQS= 3.16 vs 1.72， JAMA= 1.26 vs 0.99）。上传者类型和质量分数之间存在统计学显著差异，医疗保健专业人员比非医疗人员制作更高质量的内容（P<0.019）。同样，教育视频的质量明显高于个人体验视频（P<0.000）。有趣的是，低质量的视频比高质量的视频有更高的参与度（即，点赞、评论、分享、观看）（P<0.04）。结论与子痫前期相关的TikTok视频在上传者和内容类型上存在显著差异。医疗保健专业人员上传质量较高的教育视频，而非医疗人员上传质量较低的个人经历。然而，质量较低的视频却有较高的公众参与度。这些发现强调了改善TikTok上发布的健康相关内容监管的必要性，并强调了TikTok作为孕产妇健康教育工具的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of the National Medical Association 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

3.00%

发文量

139

审稿时长

98 days

期刊介绍： Journal of the National Medical Association, the official journal of the National Medical Association, is a peer-reviewed publication whose purpose is to address medical care disparities of persons of African descent. The Journal of the National Medical Association is focused on specialized clinical research activities related to the health problems of African Americans and other minority groups. Special emphasis is placed on the application of medical science to improve the healthcare of underserved populations both in the United States and abroad. The Journal has the following objectives: (1) to expand the base of original peer-reviewed literature and the quality of that research on the topic of minority health; (2) to provide greater dissemination of this research; (3) to offer appropriate and timely recognition of the significant contributions of physicians who serve these populations; and (4) to promote engagement by member and non-member physicians in the overall goals and objectives of the National Medical Association.