Anti-vaccine antibodies against measles, rubella, parotitis and hepatitis B in children with inflammatory bowel disease and healthy controls.

Abstract

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) often miss the scheduled vaccines and have a higher risk of infection susceptibility, including vaccine-prevented diseases.

Aim: To evaluate the vaccine coverage and levels of the post-vaccine antibodies against measles, mumps, rubella, and hepatitis B in children with IBD.

Methods: Total 98 patients: 46 females (47.2%) and 52 males (52.8%) with IBD (Crohn's disease-75% and ulcerative colitis-25%) with disease onset age-11.0 (6.0; 14.0) years whom clinical data, vaccination status and levels of the post-vaccination antibodies (IgG) for measles, rubella, mumps, hepatitis B, measured with ELISA were prospectively evaluated. The control group consisted of 88 healthy peers from the biobank data.

Results: Patients with IBD had lower levels of measles, rubella, and hepatitis B, except mumps, compared to controls. Incomplete vaccination/non-protective titer of the antibodies against measles, mumps rubella, and hepatitis B had 33 (33.7%)/52.3%, 21 (21.4%)/50.4%, 26 (25.8)/25.6% and 26 (25.8%)/55.2%, respectively. Patients with incomplete vaccination had a lower age at the diagnosis for all vaccines. The age of the IBD diagnosis ≤ 6 years was the predictor of incomplete vaccination for measles [odds ratio (OR) = 4.6, P = 0.001], mumps (OR = 5.0, P = 0.001), rubella (OR = 5.4, P = 0.0005) and hepatitis B (OR = 5.4, P = 0.0005) and corticosteroid treatment for measles (OR = 2.2, P = 0.074) and mumps (OR = 3.0, P = 0.047) vaccines. Incomplete vaccination was the predictor of non-protective titer of antibodies against rubella (OR = 6.8, 95%CI: 2.3-19.9, P = 0.0002)/mumps (OR = 7.0, 95%CI: 2.4-20.8; P = 0.0002).

Conclusion: Patients with IBD had low vaccine coverage and lower levels of anti-vaccine antibodies against measles, rubella, and hepatitis B. Nearly half of the IBD patients require revaccination.