Promoting Health Equity in an Era of Growing Contradictions Between Capital Accumulation and Social Reproduction in Capitalist Economies.

IF 1.8
Dennis Raphael, Toba Bryant, Rozhin Amin
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Abstract

Background: Despite a robust literature on the importance of promoting health equity, actual progress in doing so is flagging and this is especially the case in Anglo-Saxon liberal welfare states such as Canada, the USA, and the United Kingdom. Purpose: In this paper we place these developments within the context of the political economy concepts of capital accumulation -- or profit making -- and social reproduction -- or the ongoing functioning of society. Research Design: We carefully reviewed the current state of theorization and research into the political economy of health to identify the main themes and findings in this literature in relation to the polycrisis of living and working conditions in Canada, the USA, and United Kingdom.Analysis: We drew upon critical materialist political economy thought to show how the growing contradictions between profit making and societal functioning in capitalist economies - and this especially so in liberal welfare states -- threaten both the quality and equitable distribution of the living and working conditions that shape health - the social determinants of health - and the organization and delivery of health care. Results: While there is increasing application of political economy approaches to understanding the adverse effects of capitalism, almost all of these are limited to critiquing capitalism without envisioning a post-capitalist society. Various ways of addressing these contradictions are provided that include 1) redistribution, social spending by governments, and managing the market economy within existing economic and political structures; 2) movement towards social democratic or conservative models of governance common to the Nordic and Continental nations respectively; or 3) building a post-capitalist socialist future.Conclusion: While we offer three paths forward towards achieving health equity, we conclude that the last path, building a post-capitalist socialist future, offers the most useful means of promoting health equity in both the short and long-term.

资本主义经济中资本积累与社会再生产矛盾日益加剧的时代,促进健康公平
背景:尽管有大量文献表明促进卫生公平的重要性,但在这方面的实际进展正在放缓,尤其是在加拿大、美国和英国等盎格鲁-撒克逊自由福利国家。目的:在本文中,我们将这些发展置于资本积累(或盈利)和社会再生产(或社会持续运作)的政治经济学概念的背景下。研究设计:我们仔细回顾了健康政治经济学的理论和研究现状,以确定本文献中与加拿大、美国和英国生活和工作条件多重危机相关的主题和发现。分析:我们借鉴了批判唯物主义政治经济学的思想,来展示资本主义经济中盈利和社会功能之间日益增长的矛盾——尤其是在自由福利国家——是如何威胁到塑造健康的社会决定因素——生活和工作条件的质量和公平分配,以及卫生保健的组织和提供。结果:虽然越来越多地应用政治经济学方法来理解资本主义的不利影响,但几乎所有这些方法都局限于批评资本主义,而没有设想一个后资本主义社会。解决这些矛盾的各种方法包括:1)再分配,政府的社会支出,以及在现有的经济和政治结构内管理市场经济;2)分别向北欧和大陆国家共同的社会民主主义或保守主义治理模式发展;或者3)建立一个后资本主义社会主义的未来。结论:虽然我们提出了实现卫生公平的三条道路,但我们得出的结论是,最后一条道路,即建立后资本主义社会主义未来,在短期和长期内都是促进卫生公平的最有用手段。
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CiteScore
2.70
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