Liver transplantation in patients over 70 years old.

Abstract

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) in patients aged ≥70 years is feasible with selected donors.

Background: Short-term outcomes were comparable to those in younger recipients.

Background: Elderly patients had higher intensive care unit (ICU) stay and transfusion needs.

Background: Advanced age should not be a contraindication for LT when carefully evaluated.

Background: A retrospective analysis of liver transplants was performed, comparing patients over and under 70 years of age. The elderly group was transplanted with careful donor selection and obtained results comparable to those of the younger group.

Background: This study aims to show that elderly patients over 70 years of age can have good results after liver transplantation, comparable to patients under 70 years of age, with good donor selection and perhaps additional points to favor their position on the waiting list.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is increasingly recognized as a treatment option for various diseases affecting a growing elderly population. However, its use in patients over 70 years of age remains controversial in centers with suboptimal outcomes or high waitlist mortality.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of LT as a treatment option for elderly patients aged 70 years or older, in comparison with younger recipients.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted based on medical record data from 309 liver transplant recipients treated by the same surgical team across three hospitals - two located in São Paulo, São Paulo state (SP) and one in Rio Branco, Acre state (AC). Patients were divided into two groups for comparison: those aged up to 69 years (Group I) and those aged 70 years or older (Group II).

Results: Donor characteristics were similar between the two groups, except for a higher norepinephrine dose in Group I (p<0.05). Group II showed greater transfusion requirements and longer intensive care unit (ICU) stays (p<0.05), as well as higher rates of malnutrition and comorbidities. Notably, 90-day survival was comparable between the groups.

Conclusions: Patients aged 70 years or older can achieve outcomes comparable to those of younger recipients, provided they receive grafts from carefully selected donors. This population should not be excluded from transplant waitlists, and specific allocation policies or scoring adjustments should be considered to ensure equitable access.