Anne Hege Aamodt, Thor Ueland, Marion Boldingh, Burcu Ella Bezgal, Maria Bengtson Argren, Cecilia Adele Dunne, Kari Otterdal, Ida Gregersen, Vigdis Bjerkeli, Annika Elisabet Michelsen, Andreas Husøy, Åse Hagen Morsund, Kristina Devik, Anne Christine Poole, Kristine Bodding Gjendemsjø, Katrin Schlüter, Sara Maria Mathisen, Mari Aalstad-Johansen, Thor Håkon Skattør, Julie Sønnervik, Turid Birgitte Boye, Trine Haug Popperud, Einar August Høgestøl, Hanne Flinstad Harbo, Fridtjof Lund-Johansen, Pål Aukrust, Erling Tronvik, Tuva Børresdatter Dahl, Bente Evy Halvorsen
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background and objectives: Persistent headache has emerged as a symptom following acute COVID-19 and, to a lesser extent, after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate plasma levels of amyloid-related biomarkers in patients experiencing persistent headaches after COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Methods: In this prospective observational cohort, patients presenting with severe headache as the dominating symptom after COVID-19 (n=29) or SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (n=31) had neurological assessments with reassessments after 6 months. Plasma levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP), pregnancy zone protein (PZP), cathepsin L1 (CTSL) and serum Amyloid A (SAA1) were measured using ELISA and compared with levels in healthy controls (n=16).
Results: We found a strong and persistent upregulation of APP in patients with headache after COVID-19 as compared with the two other groups. Notably, APP levels remained elevated at both inclusion and after 6 months in individuals with accompanying cognitive symptoms. In contrast, PZP levels were increased in patients with headache after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination at both time points relative to healthy controls. CTSL was only elevated in the post-COVID-19 at baseline, whereas SAA1 showed levels comparable across all groups.
Conclusion: Altered plasma levels of soluble markers, potentially reflecting changes in amyloid processing, were found in patients with persistent headache following SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, particularly in those with persistent headache after COVID-19. In the latter group, we also found some association with cognitive symptoms.
Trial registration numbers: NCT04576351 and NCT05235776.
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