The shifting dynamics of plant and mushroom foraging in Kashmir.

IF 3.7 2区 医学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Muhammad Manzoor, Mushtaq Ahmad, Syed Waseem Gillani, Muhammad Abdul Aziz, Andrea Pieroni, Muhammad Waheed, Amir Sohail, Abeer Hashem, Khalid F Almutairi, Elsayed Fathi Abd-Allah
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: In the mountainous region of Kashmir, wild food plants (WFPs) are vital to traditional food systems and security. Ethnic communities possess rich foraging practices; however, current sociocultural and environmental impacts may affect the transmission of local plant knowledge among younger generations. This study explores traditional foraging practices and provides a cross-cultural analysis of five groups: Gujjar, Bakarwal, Lone, Syed, and Mughal. It investigates gender-based knowledge, intergenerational dynamics of local plant knowledge, and WFP knowledge among various age groups.

Methods: Data were collected from 191 informants through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions from March to September 2024. Factor analysis was conducted to analyse perceived threats to WFPs, and a Venn diagram illustrating WFP consumption patterns across groups was created using OriginPro and R software.

Results: A total of 63 species were recorded, including 11 fungal species and 52 WFPs. The analysis revealed diverse consumption patterns, with the Gujjar group consuming the most at 59 species, while the Bakarwal group used only 20. Three distinct wild food plant-based ingredients not previously mentioned in the literature were identified: Lagotis cashmeriana (Bakarwal), Fagopyrum cymosum, and Armillaria mellea (Gujjar). The gender-based knowledge analysis shows that women possess more extensive knowledge about WFPs than men, as they frequently engage in harvesting, consuming, and preparing these plants. Participants aged 18-35 accounted for 21.99% of the knowledge and reported on 19 WFPs, primarily from the Gujjar and Bakarwal groups. Cultural transformation among communities has impacted the core body of knowledge, historically transmitted through storytelling during gatherings and events. However, sociocultural changes have affected social structures, impacting the sharing of traditional plant knowledge.

Conclusion: The commodification and mobility of food ingredients have altered local practices, particularly in preparing Dryopteris, Diplazium, Pteridium, and Morchella. Preserving biocultural heritage and promoting sustainable foraging practices can enhance economic growth, food security, and rural development by safeguarding plant knowledge and encouraging commercial cultivation.

克什米尔地区植物和蘑菇觅食的变化动态。
背景:在克什米尔山区,野生粮食植物对传统粮食系统和安全至关重要。民族社区拥有丰富的觅食方式;然而,当前的社会文化和环境影响可能会影响当地植物知识在年轻一代之间的传播。本研究探讨了传统的觅食方式,并提供了五个族群的跨文化分析:Gujjar、Bakarwal、Lone、Syed和Mughal。它调查了基于性别的知识,当地植物知识的代际动态,以及不同年龄组的世界粮食计划署知识。方法:采用半结构化访谈和焦点小组讨论的方法,于2024年3月~ 9月对191名被调查者进行数据收集。进行因子分析以分析对世界粮食计划署的感知威胁,并使用OriginPro和R软件创建了世界粮食计划署各群体消费模式的维恩图。结果:共记录真菌63种,其中真菌11种,wfp 52种。分析揭示了不同的消费模式,Gujjar群体消费最多,有59种,而Bakarwal群体只消费20种。三种不同的野生食品植物成分在以前的文献中没有提到:Lagotis cashmeriana (Bakarwal), Fagopyrum cymosum和蜜环菌(Gujjar)。基于性别的知识分析表明,女性比男性拥有更广泛的粮食作物知识,因为她们经常参与收获、消费和准备这些植物。18-35岁的参与者占知识的21.99%,并报告了19个粮食计划署,主要来自Gujjar和Bakarwal群体。社区之间的文化转型影响了核心知识体系,在历史上通过聚会和活动中的讲故事传播。然而,社会文化的变化影响了社会结构,影响了传统植物知识的共享。结论:食品原料的商品化和流动性已经改变了当地的做法,特别是在制备毛蕨、双蕨、翼蕨和羊肚菌方面。保护生物文化遗产和促进可持续的觅食方式可以通过保护植物知识和鼓励商业种植来促进经济增长、粮食安全和农村发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
16.70%
发文量
66
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine publishes original research focusing on cultural perceptions of nature and of human and animal health. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine invites research articles, reviews and commentaries concerning the investigations of the inextricable links between human societies and nature, food, and health. Specifically, the journal covers the following topics: ethnobotany, ethnomycology, ethnozoology, ethnoecology (including ethnopedology), ethnogastronomy, ethnomedicine, ethnoveterinary, as well as all related areas in environmental, nutritional, and medical anthropology. Research focusing on the implications that the inclusion of humanistic, cultural, and social dimensions have in understanding the biological word is also welcome, as well as its potential projections in public health-centred, nutritional, and environmental policies.
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