Engineered upconversion nanoparticles for breast cancer theranostics.

IF 13.3 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
Theranostics Pub Date : 2025-07-25 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.7150/thno.116153
Shijing Wang, Lei Zhang, Minghao Wang, Xiumei Yin, Xinyao Dong, Xingyu Wu, Weijie Li, Wen Xu, Xiaoyun Mao
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) remains the most prevalent cancer among women and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, posing a significant threat to public health. Rare earth (RE)-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have emerged as a promising nanoplatform for BC management, owing to their exceptional photophysical properties and design flexibility. Unlike conventional fluorescent probes, engineered UCNPs absorb near-infrared (NIR) light, enabling deep tissue penetration while mitigating tissue damage and spontaneous fluorescence interference. Furthermore, through core-shell structure engineering and functionalization, multiple diagnostic and therapeutic modules can be integrated within a single NP, enabling theranostic applications for BC. This review comprehensively summarizes recent advances in engineered UCNPs for BC theranostics. It begins by introducing the luminescence mechanisms, controllable synthesis methods, and surface modification strategies of UCNPs. Next, it explores the fundamental biological effects of UCNPs, including biodistribution, metabolic pathways, and biotoxicity. Subsequently, we systematically review applications of engineered UCNPs in BC molecular imaging, biomarker detection, phototherapy, smart drug/gene delivery, and immunotherapy. Finally, current challenges and clinical translation prospects of UCNPs are discussed.

用于乳腺癌治疗的工程上转化纳米颗粒。
乳腺癌仍然是妇女中最普遍的癌症,也是全世界癌症相关死亡的主要原因,对公众健康构成重大威胁。稀土(RE)掺杂的上转换纳米粒子(UCNPs)由于其独特的光物理性质和设计灵活性,已成为一种很有前途的BC管理纳米平台。与传统荧光探针不同,工程UCNPs吸收近红外(NIR)光,能够穿透深层组织,同时减轻组织损伤和自发荧光干扰。此外,通过核壳结构工程和功能化,多个诊断和治疗模块可以集成在一个NP中,使BC的治疗应用成为可能。这篇综述全面总结了工程UCNPs用于BC治疗的最新进展。首先介绍了UCNPs的发光机理、可控合成方法和表面改性策略。接下来,它探讨了UCNPs的基本生物学效应,包括生物分布,代谢途径和生物毒性。随后,我们系统地回顾了工程UCNPs在BC分子成像、生物标志物检测、光疗、智能药物/基因传递和免疫治疗方面的应用。最后,讨论了UCNPs目前面临的挑战和临床翻译前景。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Theranostics
Theranostics MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
25.40
自引率
1.60%
发文量
433
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Theranostics serves as a pivotal platform for the exchange of clinical and scientific insights within the diagnostic and therapeutic molecular and nanomedicine community, along with allied professions engaged in integrating molecular imaging and therapy. As a multidisciplinary journal, Theranostics showcases innovative research articles spanning fields such as in vitro diagnostics and prognostics, in vivo molecular imaging, molecular therapeutics, image-guided therapy, biosensor technology, nanobiosensors, bioelectronics, system biology, translational medicine, point-of-care applications, and personalized medicine. Encouraging a broad spectrum of biomedical research with potential theranostic applications, the journal rigorously peer-reviews primary research, alongside publishing reviews, news, and commentary that aim to bridge the gap between the laboratory, clinic, and biotechnology industries.
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