Global Epidemiology of PD-L1 Expression in Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

IF 1.6 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI:10.1007/s12029-025-01305-w

Francisco Cezar Aquino de Moraes, Gustavo Tadeu Freitas Uchôa Matheus, Luis Eduardo Rodrigues Sobreira, Shi Juin Lam, Mariana Rachas Reis, Rommel Mario Rodríguez Burbano

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) accounts for ~ 10% of gastric cancers (GC). Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression plays a key role in immune evasion and response to immunotherapy, but its correlation with EBVaGC remains unclear.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for studies evaluating PD-L1 expression in EBVaGC. The primary outcome was the association between EBV and PD-L1 expression. Statistical analyses were performed using RStudio.

Results: A total of 53 studies with 17,806 patients were included. PD-L1 expression in EBVaGC was 10.34% (95% CI: 6.30-14.38; I² = 94.8%; p < 0.01). Prevalence varied by income level: high-income (8.28%), upper-middle-income (15.18%), and lower-middle-income countries (1.03%). By continent, PD-L1 expression rates were highest in Asia (12.44%) and lowest in Africa (1.03%). Among countries, China (21.51%) and the Czech Republic (22.50%) had the highest prevalence, while the Netherlands (0.83%) and Morocco (1.03%) had the lowest.

Conclusion: Our findings reinforce the relevance of molecular classification, particularly the assessment of Epstein-Barr virus status, as a promising tool for improving patient stratification and guiding therapeutic decisions in gastric cancer. These results may contribute to advancing future research aimed at validating and expanding the use of these biomarkers globally.

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Epstein-Barr病毒相关胃癌中PD-L1表达的全球流行病学：一项系统综述和荟萃分析

背景：eb病毒相关性胃癌（EBVaGC）约占胃癌（GC）的10%。程序性死亡配体1 （PD-L1）表达在免疫逃避和免疫治疗应答中起关键作用，但其与EBVaGC的相关性尚不清楚。方法：我们检索PubMed， Embase和Cochrane数据库，以评估PD-L1在EBVaGC中的表达。主要结局是EBV和PD-L1表达之间的关系。使用RStudio进行统计分析。结果：共纳入53项研究，17806例患者。PD-L1在EBVaGC中的表达为10.34% （95% CI: 6.30-14.38; I2 = 94.8%; p）结论：我们的研究结果加强了分子分类的相关性，特别是Epstein-Barr病毒状态的评估，作为改善患者分层和指导胃癌治疗决策的有希望的工具。这些结果可能有助于推进未来的研究，旨在验证和扩大这些生物标志物在全球的使用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

121

期刊介绍： The Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer is a multidisciplinary medium for the publication of novel research pertaining to cancers arising from the gastrointestinal tract.The journal is dedicated to the most rapid publication possible.The journal publishes papers in all relevant fields, emphasizing those studies that are helpful in understanding and treating cancers affecting the esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder and biliary tree, pancreas, small bowel, large bowel, rectum, and anus. In addition, the Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer publishes basic and translational scientific information from studies providing insight into the etiology and progression of cancers affecting these organs. New insights are provided from diverse areas of research such as studies exploring pre-neoplastic states, risk factors, epidemiology, genetics, preclinical therapeutics, surgery, radiation therapy, novel medical therapeutics, clinical trials, and outcome studies.In addition to reports of original clinical and experimental studies, the journal also publishes: case reports, state-of-the-art reviews on topics of immediate interest or importance; invited articles analyzing particular areas of pancreatic research and knowledge; perspectives in which critical evaluation and conflicting opinions about current topics may be expressed; meeting highlights that summarize important points presented at recent meetings; abstracts of symposia and conferences; book reviews; hypotheses; Letters to the Editors; and other items of special interest, including:Complex Cases in GI Oncology: This is a new initiative to provide a forum to review and discuss the history and management of complex and involved gastrointestinal oncology cases. The format will be similar to a teaching case conference where a case vignette is presented and is followed by a series of questions and discussion points. A brief reference list supporting the points made in discussion would be expected.