The Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue, White Adipose Tissue, and Brown Adipose Tissue in the Pathophysiological Effects of Ethanol.

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PATHOLOGY

American Journal of Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI:10.1016/j.ajpath.2025.07.012

Thales M H Dourado, Carlos R Tirapelli

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Adipose tissue plays a crucial role in energy storage, but it also acts as an endocrine organ by secreting hormones and proinflammatory molecules. It regulates various processes, including adipogenesis, metabolism, and inflammation. White and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT) consists of white and brown adipocytes, respectively, which differ in cellular structure and function. Adipocytes also make up a significant part of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), which forms a sheath-like structure around blood vessels. Current research indicates that WAT, BAT, and PVAT are negatively affected by ethanol (ethyl alcohol). The changes induced by ethanol in the storage, metabolic, and secretory functions of PVAT and WAT are linked to vascular and hepatic dysfunction. In this context, while adipose tissue is a target of the harmful effects of ethanol, it also contributes to its pathophysiological consequences. Although the function of BAT is impacted by ethanol, BAT exhibits a protective role against ethanol-induced liver disease. This review highlights both past and recent efforts to identify the mechanisms through which ethanol consumption alters adipocyte function, with a focus on findings from studies that explain the detrimental effects of ethanol on WAT and BAT, and discusses the interplay between adipose tissue and the liver, particularly its implications for alcoholic liver disease. Additionally, new data that elucidate the mechanisms underlying ethanol-induced dysfunction in PVAT are summarized.

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血管周围脂肪组织、白色脂肪组织和棕色脂肪组织在乙醇病理生理效应中的作用。

脂肪组织在能量储存中起着至关重要的作用，但它也作为内分泌器官分泌激素和促炎分子。它调节各种过程，包括脂肪生成、代谢和炎症。白色脂肪组织（WAT）和棕色脂肪组织（BAT）分别由白色脂肪细胞和棕色脂肪细胞组成，它们的细胞结构和功能不同。脂肪细胞也是血管周围脂肪组织（PVAT）的重要组成部分，PVAT在血管周围形成鞘状结构。目前的研究表明，WAT、BAT和PVAT受到乙醇（乙醇）的负面影响。乙醇引起的PVAT和WAT的储存、代谢和分泌功能的变化与血管和肝脏功能障碍有关。在这种情况下，虽然脂肪组织是乙醇有害影响的目标，但它也有助于其病理生理后果。虽然BAT的功能受到乙醇的影响，但它对乙醇诱导的肝脏疾病具有保护作用。这篇综述强调了过去和最近的努力，以确定通过乙醇消耗改变脂肪细胞功能的机制。我们将重点关注解释乙醇对WAT和BAT有害影响的研究结果，并讨论脂肪组织与肝脏之间的相互作用，特别是其对酒精性肝病（ALD）的影响。此外，我们总结了阐明乙醇诱导PVAT功能障碍机制的新数据。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Pathology 医学-病理学

CiteScore

11.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

178

审稿时长

30 days

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Pathology, official journal of the American Society for Investigative Pathology, published by Elsevier, Inc., seeks high-quality original research reports, reviews, and commentaries related to the molecular and cellular basis of disease. The editors will consider basic, translational, and clinical investigations that directly address mechanisms of pathogenesis or provide a foundation for future mechanistic inquiries. Examples of such foundational investigations include data mining, identification of biomarkers, molecular pathology, and discovery research. Foundational studies that incorporate deep learning and artificial intelligence are also welcome. High priority is given to studies of human disease and relevant experimental models using molecular, cellular, and organismal approaches.