{"title":"Numerical and statistical insights into \\(f(R,T)\\) cosmology: GRP, RK4, and MLE approaches","authors":"Navya Jain, R. K. Mishra","doi":"10.1007/s10509-025-04480-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores the stability of an <span>\\(f(R,T)\\)</span> gravity-based cosmological model using perturbation techniques and numerical methods. Stability conditions are examined by analyzing the growth rate of small perturbations in density and pressure. Furthermore, the Runge-Kutta fourth-order (RK4) method is employed to numerically track the evolution of these perturbations and validate the theoretical predictions. To ensure consistency with observational data, the model is tested against Hubble parameter measurements and the Pantheon Type Ia supernova dataset using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method. The findings provide deeper insights into the stability of modified gravity models and underscore the significance of combining analytical, numerical, and observational approaches in cosmological studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8644,"journal":{"name":"Astrophysics and Space Science","volume":"370 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Astrophysics and Space Science","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10509-025-04480-1","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
This study explores the stability of an \(f(R,T)\) gravity-based cosmological model using perturbation techniques and numerical methods. Stability conditions are examined by analyzing the growth rate of small perturbations in density and pressure. Furthermore, the Runge-Kutta fourth-order (RK4) method is employed to numerically track the evolution of these perturbations and validate the theoretical predictions. To ensure consistency with observational data, the model is tested against Hubble parameter measurements and the Pantheon Type Ia supernova dataset using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method. The findings provide deeper insights into the stability of modified gravity models and underscore the significance of combining analytical, numerical, and observational approaches in cosmological studies.
期刊介绍：
Astrophysics and Space Science publishes original contributions and invited reviews covering the entire range of astronomy, astrophysics, astrophysical cosmology, planetary and space science and the astrophysical aspects of astrobiology. This includes both observational and theoretical research, the techniques of astronomical instrumentation and data analysis and astronomical space instrumentation. We particularly welcome papers in the general fields of high-energy astrophysics, astrophysical and astrochemical studies of the interstellar medium including star formation, planetary astrophysics, the formation and evolution of galaxies and the evolution of large scale structure in the Universe. Papers in mathematical physics or in general relativity which do not establish clear astrophysical applications will no longer be considered.
The journal also publishes topically selected special issues in research fields of particular scientific interest. These consist of both invited reviews and original research papers. Conference proceedings will not be considered. All papers published in the journal are subject to thorough and strict peer-reviewing.
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