{"title":"Establishment of a multi-parameter flow cytometry method to identify and characterize neutrophil extracellular traps","authors":"Weixiang Liu , Jieming Ping , Ning Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cellimm.2025.105014","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like decondensed DNA filaments released by activated neutrophils, decorated with antimicrobial proteins such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) and elastase. Although several methods exist to evaluate NETs formation, including fluorescent microscopy or scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and flow cytometry, each has inherent limitations that restrict widespread application. Given the increasing relevance of NETs in various pathophysiological contexts, we sought to develop a simple, specific, objective and cost-effective flow cytometry-based method to assess NETs both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. Our approach leverages multi-parametric flow cytometry to simultaneously evaluate cell size, granularity, DNA decondensation, histone citrullination, and intracellular MPO. This method enables reliable detection of NETs in purified neutrophils as well as in tissue samples. Its performance was validated in parallel with conventional microscopy, confirming specificity and reproducibility. Notably, this FACS-based method is faster, more economical, and free from observer-bias, making it especially well-suited for both research and clinical sample analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9795,"journal":{"name":"Cellular immunology","volume":"417 ","pages":"Article 105014"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cellular immunology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0008874925001005","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CELL BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like decondensed DNA filaments released by activated neutrophils, decorated with antimicrobial proteins such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) and elastase. Although several methods exist to evaluate NETs formation, including fluorescent microscopy or scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and flow cytometry, each has inherent limitations that restrict widespread application. Given the increasing relevance of NETs in various pathophysiological contexts, we sought to develop a simple, specific, objective and cost-effective flow cytometry-based method to assess NETs both in vitro and in vivo. Our approach leverages multi-parametric flow cytometry to simultaneously evaluate cell size, granularity, DNA decondensation, histone citrullination, and intracellular MPO. This method enables reliable detection of NETs in purified neutrophils as well as in tissue samples. Its performance was validated in parallel with conventional microscopy, confirming specificity and reproducibility. Notably, this FACS-based method is faster, more economical, and free from observer-bias, making it especially well-suited for both research and clinical sample analysis.
期刊介绍:
Cellular Immunology publishes original investigations concerned with the immunological activities of cells in experimental or clinical situations. The scope of the journal encompasses the broad area of in vitro and in vivo studies of cellular immune responses. Purely clinical descriptive studies are not considered.
Research Areas include:
• Antigen receptor sites
• Autoimmunity
• Delayed-type hypersensitivity or cellular immunity
• Immunologic deficiency states and their reconstitution
• Immunologic surveillance and tumor immunity
• Immunomodulation
• Immunotherapy
• Lymphokines and cytokines
• Nonantibody immunity
• Parasite immunology
• Resistance to intracellular microbial and viral infection
• Thymus and lymphocyte immunobiology
• Transplantation immunology
• Tumor immunity.