Study on the synergistic diffusion mechanism of double glow plasma alloying and its impact on the magnetic properties of non-oriented silicon steel

IF 3 3区材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Pub Date : 2025-08-17 DOI:10.1016/j.jmmm.2025.173437

Xiaoyong Tao , Zhehang Fan , Qinghua Li , Yiming Wen , Zhiyuan Hu , Gongtao Liu , Aqib Mashood Khan , Hongyan Wu

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Abstract

This research investigates the element distribution, binding energy, and diffusion behavior of 3.5 wt% Si non-oriented electrical steel through carburization, nitridation, and carbonitridation processes, utilizing molecular dynamics simulation and double glow discharge surface alloying technology. Simulation results reveal a specific synergistic diffusion effect between carbon and nitrogen elements in the steel, with nitrogen playing a dominant role in promoting the diffusion depth of carbon in the steel. The double glow plasma surface alloying experiments demonstrate that as the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio increases, the carbon content rises and then declines, reaching its peak at a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 1:5, where both carbon and nitrogen contents achieve their maximum values. This phenomenon indicates that an appropriate carbon-to-nitrogen ratio effectively enhances the diffusion of both carbon and nitrogen elements in the matrix. In addition, nitriding significantly reduces the saturation magnetization of non-oriented electrical steels by approximately 20 %, with carbonitriding having the least effect on magnetic properties.

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双辉光等离子体合金化的协同扩散机制及其对无取向硅钢磁性能影响的研究

本研究利用分子动力学模拟和双辉光放电表面合金化技术，研究了3.5 wt% Si无取向电工钢在渗碳、氮化和碳氮化过程中的元素分布、结合能和扩散行为。模拟结果表明，碳和氮元素在钢中具有特定的协同扩散效应，其中氮对促进碳在钢中的扩散深度起主导作用。双辉光等离子体表面合金化实验表明，随着碳氮比的增加，碳含量先上升后下降，在碳氮比为1:5时达到峰值，碳和氮含量均达到最大值。这一现象表明，适当的碳氮比可以有效地促进碳氮元素在基体中的扩散。此外，氮化可显著降低无取向电工钢的饱和磁化强度约20%，而碳氮化对磁性能的影响最小。

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来源期刊

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 物理-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

11.10%

发文量

1149

审稿时长

59 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials provides an important forum for the disclosure and discussion of original contributions covering the whole spectrum of topics, from basic magnetism to the technology and applications of magnetic materials. The journal encourages greater interaction between the basic and applied sub-disciplines of magnetism with comprehensive review articles, in addition to full-length contributions. In addition, other categories of contributions are welcome, including Critical Focused issues, Current Perspectives and Outreach to the General Public. Main Categories: Full-length articles: Technically original research documents that report results of value to the communities that comprise the journal audience. The link between chemical, structural and microstructural properties on the one hand and magnetic properties on the other hand are encouraged. In addition to general topics covering all areas of magnetism and magnetic materials, the full-length articles also include three sub-sections, focusing on Nanomagnetism, Spintronics and Applications. The sub-section on Nanomagnetism contains articles on magnetic nanoparticles, nanowires, thin films, 2D materials and other nanoscale magnetic materials and their applications. The sub-section on Spintronics contains articles on magnetoresistance, magnetoimpedance, magneto-optical phenomena, Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), and other topics related to spin current control and magneto-transport phenomena. The sub-section on Applications display papers that focus on applications of magnetic materials. The applications need to show a connection to magnetism. Review articles: Review articles organize, clarify, and summarize existing major works in the areas covered by the Journal and provide comprehensive citations to the full spectrum of relevant literature.