Cancer Risk in Vitiligo: No Evidence of Increased Prevalence-A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

IF 4.2 3区医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY

Dermatology and Therapy Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-18 DOI:10.1007/s13555-025-01520-0

Alzahra A Mohammed, Anna S Lengyel, Fanni A Meznerics, István Szondy, Anna Walter, Benedek Nagy, Zsófia Csábi, András Bánvölgyi, Norbert Kiss, Péter Hegyi, Zsuzsanna Kurgyis, Lajos V Kemény

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Vitiligo, a chronic depigmenting disorder affecting 1-2% of the global population, is caused by immune-mediated melanocyte destruction. While its pathogenesis is multifactorial, the relationship between vitiligo and malignancy risk remains controversial. Some studies suggest an increased cancer risk, while others propose a potential protective effect, particularly against skin cancers. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of malignancy risks in patients with vitiligo.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023483130). A comprehensive search was conducted across Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. Studies reporting hazard ratios for malignancy incidence in patients with vitiligo were included. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed using the Cochrane ROBINS-E tool.

Results: Of 7753 records identified, 6378 remained after duplicates were removed, and 12 studies were included in the final review. Quantitative analysis was performed on six studies. The combined sample comprised 3,267,951 participants, including 289,322 patients with vitiligo. Three meta-analyses were conducted for melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancer, and lymphoma. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for lymphoma was 1.00 (95% CI 0.40-2.53), for melanoma 0.80 (95% CI 0.27-2.34), and for non-melanoma skin cancer 0.38 (95% CI 0.00-732.76), suggesting no consistent associations.

Conclusion: This meta-analysis did not identify significant differences in cancer risk across the examined subgroups. While a protective effect of vitiligo against some malignancies cannot be excluded, substantial heterogeneity among studies warrants cautious interpretation. Further high-quality research is needed to clarify these associations.

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白癜风的癌症风险：无证据表明患病率增加-一项系统评价和荟萃分析。

白癜风是一种慢性脱色疾病，影响全球1-2%的人口，由免疫介导的黑素细胞破坏引起。虽然其发病机制是多因素的，但白癜风与恶性肿瘤风险的关系仍然存在争议。一些研究表明，它会增加患癌症的风险，而另一些研究则认为它有潜在的保护作用，尤其是对皮肤癌的保护作用。本研究提供了白癜风患者恶性肿瘤风险的综合评估。方法：本系统评价和荟萃分析遵循PRISMA 2020指南，并在PROSPERO注册（CRD42023483130）。在Medline、EMBASE和Cochrane数据库中进行了全面的搜索。研究报告了白癜风患者恶性肿瘤发病率的危险比。使用Cochrane ROBINS-E工具进行数据提取和偏倚风险评估。结果：在确定的7753条记录中，删除重复后保留6378条，最终纳入12项研究。对6项研究进行了定量分析。合并样本包括3267951名参与者，其中包括289322名白癜风患者。对黑色素瘤、非黑色素瘤皮肤癌和淋巴瘤进行了三项荟萃分析。淋巴瘤的合并危险比（HR）为1.00 (95% CI 0.40-2.53)，黑色素瘤的合并危险比为0.80 (95% CI 0.27-2.34)，非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的合并危险比为0.38 (95% CI 0.00-732.76)，表明两者之间没有一致的关联。结论：该荟萃分析未发现在检查的亚组中癌症风险有显著差异。虽然不能排除白癜风对某些恶性肿瘤的保护作用，但研究之间的实质性异质性值得谨慎解释。需要进一步的高质量研究来澄清这些关联。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Dermatology and Therapy Medicine-Dermatology

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

8.80%

发文量

187

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： Dermatology and Therapy is an international, open access, peer-reviewed, rapid publication journal (peer review in 2 weeks, published 3–4 weeks from acceptance). The journal is dedicated to the publication of high-quality clinical (all phases), observational, real-world, and health outcomes research around the discovery, development, and use of dermatological therapies. Studies relating to diagnosis, pharmacoeconomics, public health and epidemiology, quality of life, and patient care, management, and education are also encouraged. Areas of focus include, but are not limited to all clinical aspects of dermatology, such as skin pharmacology; skin development and aging; prevention, diagnosis, and management of skin disorders and melanomas; research into dermal structures and pathology; and all areas of aesthetic dermatology, including skin maintenance, dermatological surgery, and lasers. The journal is of interest to a broad audience of pharmaceutical and healthcare professionals and publishes original research, reviews, case reports/case series, trial protocols, and short communications. Dermatology and Therapy will consider all scientifically sound research be it positive, confirmatory or negative data. Submissions are welcomed whether they relate to an International and/or a country-specific audience, something that is crucially important when researchers are trying to target more specific patient populations. This inclusive approach allows the journal to assist in the dissemination of quality research, which may be considered of insufficient interest by other journals. The journal appeals to a global audience and receives submissions from all over the world.