{"title":"Photocatalytic Degradation of Parcetamol and Ofloxacin by TiO2/Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4 Heterostructure Under Real Sunlight","authors":"Rostom Lakhdar, Nahla Dhen, Kais elghniji","doi":"10.1007/s10563-025-09454-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a magnetic TiO<sub>2</sub>/Co<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.25</sub>Zn<sub>0.15</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> heterostructure was developed in an attempt to degrade pharmaceutical drugs and to enable separation of the catalyst from the wastewater after the process. Magnetic nanoparticles Co<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.25</sub>Zn<sub>0.15</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> are obtained by co-precipitation method using (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB) as surfactant. Further, the Co<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.25</sub>Zn<sub>0.15</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles are mixed from the very beginning with the titanium precursor solution. The calcination crystallizes the TiO<sub>2</sub> and promotes the jonction of magnetic nanoparticles to the surface of titania. X-ray diffraction and Raman confirm that the TiO<sub>2</sub>/Co<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.25</sub>Zn<sub>0.15</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> heterostructure consists of consists of Co<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.25</sub>Zn<sub>0.15</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and TiO₂ phases without any additional peaks, indicating a successful integration of the two materials. The integration of Co<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.25</sub>Zn<sub>0.15</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> with TiO<sub>2</sub> leads to non-uniform distribution of spherical particles. Spectra of UV-Vis absorption of the TiO<sub>2</sub>/Co<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.25</sub>Zn<sub>0.15</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> displays a notable redshift compared to pure TiO₂. The photocatalytic effect of the TiO<sub>2</sub>/Co<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.25</sub>Zn<sub>0.15</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> in two applied pharmaceutical drugs was higher than in commercial Degussa P-25 and TiO<sub>2</sub> under real sunlight. It was reported that TiO<sub>2</sub>/Co<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.25</sub>Zn<sub>0.15</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> had 94.2% degradation on paracetamol and complete degradation for ofloxacin within 150 min. The improvement in the photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the efficient charge carrier separation at the interface of TiO<sub>2</sub>/Co<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.25</sub>Zn<sub>0.15</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> heterostructure. A possible photocatalytic mechanism for drugs degradation by TiO<sub>2</sub>/Co<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.25</sub>Zn<sub>0.15</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was proposed based on the results of trapping experiments and the energy bands of TiO<sub>2</sub> and Co<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.25</sub>Zn<sub>0.15</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. The recyclability of the photocatalyst was ascertained over five consecutive cycles, indicating the stability of the catalyst.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":509,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Surveys from Asia","volume":"29 3","pages":"268 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Catalysis Surveys from Asia","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10563-025-09454-5","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In this study, a magnetic TiO2/Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4 heterostructure was developed in an attempt to degrade pharmaceutical drugs and to enable separation of the catalyst from the wastewater after the process. Magnetic nanoparticles Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4 are obtained by co-precipitation method using (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB) as surfactant. Further, the Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4 nanoparticles are mixed from the very beginning with the titanium precursor solution. The calcination crystallizes the TiO2 and promotes the jonction of magnetic nanoparticles to the surface of titania. X-ray diffraction and Raman confirm that the TiO2/Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4 heterostructure consists of consists of Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4 and TiO₂ phases without any additional peaks, indicating a successful integration of the two materials. The integration of Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4 with TiO2 leads to non-uniform distribution of spherical particles. Spectra of UV-Vis absorption of the TiO2/Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4 displays a notable redshift compared to pure TiO₂. The photocatalytic effect of the TiO2/Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4 in two applied pharmaceutical drugs was higher than in commercial Degussa P-25 and TiO2 under real sunlight. It was reported that TiO2/Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4 had 94.2% degradation on paracetamol and complete degradation for ofloxacin within 150 min. The improvement in the photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the efficient charge carrier separation at the interface of TiO2/Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4 heterostructure. A possible photocatalytic mechanism for drugs degradation by TiO2/Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4 was proposed based on the results of trapping experiments and the energy bands of TiO2 and Co0.6Cu0.25Zn0.15Fe2O4. The recyclability of the photocatalyst was ascertained over five consecutive cycles, indicating the stability of the catalyst.
期刊介绍：
Early dissemination of important findings from Asia which may lead to new concepts in catalyst design is the main aim of this journal. Rapid, invited, short reviews and perspectives from academia and industry will constitute the major part of Catalysis Surveys from Asia . Surveys of recent progress and activities in catalytic science and technology and related areas in Asia will be covered regularly as well. We would appreciate critical comments from colleagues throughout the world about articles in Catalysis Surveys from Asia . If requested and thought appropriate, the comments will be included in the journal. We will be very happy if this journal stimulates global communication between scientists and engineers in the world of catalysis.
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