From Neurotransmission to Retinal Pathophysiology: Unraveling the Role of GABA Receptors in Retinal Disease Progression

IF 4 3区医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of Neurochemistry Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI:10.1111/jnc.70198

Alan E. Medina Arellano, Jesus Silvestre Albert-Garay, Nadia Flores Huerta, Karla Tovar Hernández, Matilde Ruiz-Cruz, Lenin Ochoa-de la Paz

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Abstract

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). The biological effects of GABA are mediated by activating its receptors, GABA_A or GABA_B, which are distributed across various tissues, predominantly in the brain and retina. The retina is a neural tissue responsible for receiving and transducing light stimuli. Within this tissue, GABA receptors (GABARs) primarily mediate lateral inhibition in the retina. In recent years, several studies have focused on elucidating the potential role of GABARs in retinal diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This review aims to present the most significant findings from recent years regarding the involvement of GABA receptors in retinal pathologies. Additionally, it highlights the potential of GABA receptors as targets for developing precise therapies or adjunctive strategies for treating retinal diseases.

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从神经传递到视网膜病理生理学：揭示GABA受体在视网膜疾病进展中的作用

γ -氨基丁酸（GABA）是中枢神经系统（CNS）中主要的抑制性神经递质。GABA的生物学效应是通过激活其受体GABAA或GABAB来介导的，GABAA或GABAB分布在各种组织中，主要分布在大脑和视网膜中。视网膜是一个神经组织，负责接收和传导光刺激。在这个组织中，GABA受体（gabar）主要介导视网膜的侧抑制。近年来，一些研究集中在阐明gabar在视网膜疾病中的潜在作用，如糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）、视网膜色素变性（RP）、青光眼和年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）。本综述旨在介绍近年来关于GABA受体参与视网膜病变的最重要的发现。此外，它强调了GABA受体作为开发精确治疗或辅助治疗视网膜疾病的靶点的潜力。

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来源期刊

Journal of Neurochemistry 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

9.30

自引率

2.10%

发文量

181

审稿时长

2.2 months

期刊介绍： Journal of Neurochemistry focuses on molecular, cellular and biochemical aspects of the nervous system, the pathogenesis of neurological disorders and the development of disease specific biomarkers. It is devoted to the prompt publication of original findings of the highest scientific priority and value that provide novel mechanistic insights, represent a clear advance over previous studies and have the potential to generate exciting future research.